Development of spiral-vortex-type blood pump (Optimal design and its application to cardiomyoplasty)

螺旋涡流型血泵是一种具有最佳流体动力学特性的有前途的泵，以控制泵内血栓的形成。为了开发泵的整个系统并将其应用于心肌成形术，进行了以下研究。(1)根据泵表面电极电容随泵内血容量变化的原理，设计了一种新的泵流量测量系统。体外初步试验显示了良好的结果。(2)设计了一种经济的血泵制造方法，采用真空成型和注射成型。利用该技术制作了几种不同物理形状的泵，并对它们的基本性能进行了测试和比较，为泵的形状优化提供了经验。(3)设计了一种适用于血泵应用的新型经济型塑料外壳球阀。初步的体外试验表明，该阀具有良好的流体动力学性能。(4)定量分析了高分子材料表面粗糙度对血栓形成的影响。利用激光束对聚合物表面进行了定量织构化（物理长度和间距），并将其植入绵羊体内。实验仍在进行中。(5)分析了泵隔膜的基本力学特性（能量学），为将来在心肌成形术中的应用奠定了基础。(6)用激光多普勒测速仪测量了泵内的流态。开发了分析软件，并以动画形式显示分析结果。(7)为了验证血泵系统的可行性，进行了急性动物实验。该泵具有良好的泵内螺旋涡流。

A spiral-vortex-type blood pump is one of the promising pumps having the best fluid dynamic characteristics to control the thrombus formation inside the pump. To develop a total system of the pump and for an application of it to the cardiomyoplasty, following studies have been conducted.(1) A new system for the measurement of pump flow was designed, based on a principle that the electrical capacitance of electrodes attached to the pump surface changes depending on the blood volume inside the pump. A preliminary test in vitro has shown excellent results.(2) An economical method for the fabrication of the blood pump has been designed, using vacuum forming and injection molding. Using the technique, several pumps with different physical shapes were fabricated, and basic performance of them has been tested and compared with each others for the empirical optimization of pump shape.(3) A new economical ball valve with plastic housing has been designed for the blood pump application. A preliminary test in vitro has proven an excellent fluid dynamical performance of the valve.(4) Effect of rough surface of polymer materials on the thrombogenisity have been analyzed quantitatively. The surface of the polymer was fabricated quantitatively textured (physical length and interval) with laser beam, and the polymer has been implanted in sheep. The experiments are still on the way.(5) Basic mechanical characteristics (energetics) of the pump diaphragm have been analyzed for the future application of cardiomyoplasty.(6) Flow pattern inside the pump has been measured by laser Doppler anemometry. The analyzing software has been developed, and the results have been displayd in animation.(7) Acute animal experiments have been conducted for test the feasibility of blood pump system. The pumps have shown excellent spiral-vortex inside the pump.