Feedforward control of muscle glucose uptake during exercise by the nervous system

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Existence of the neural control system of muscle glucose uptake during contraction, necessity of efferents originated in muscle cells in the control system, and the muscle sympathetic nervous system as the afferent path of the control system, have been confirmed first through animal experiments in this study, which means there exists a feedback control loop including the central nervous system for the glucose metabolism in peripheral muscle.For further studies, technique for the fixation of the rat head to a stereotactic frame has been established. And a method to identify the ventromedial hypothalamus nuclei (VMH) has been established, using the specific blood pressure change during electrical stimulation through an micro-electrode inserted in VMH.Decerebration method has then been established.To monitor the muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), microneurograph technique has been applied to the sciatic nerve. After trials using several tens of rats, the position and depth of MSN fibers in the nerve have been idenfitied, and the success rate of monitoring MSNA became fairly high. There have been very little reports in which this method was applied to animals. As a result, simultaneous measurements of VMH activity and MSNA are become possible.To approach the final goal, analyzes of feedforward contrl of muscle glucose uptake during locomotion, a continuous measurement system of blood glucose is essential in addition to the knowledge obtained in this study so far. Because we cannot predict the onset of spontaneous locomotion, such a system is necessary although one has not been available yet do date. Since such systems have been extensively being developed all over the world, after overcoming the problem soon, full-scale studies focused on the final goal could be commenced.