Comparative Research on Minority Education in Japan and U.S.

本研究旨在探讨影响布拉库儿童学业成绩的因素。我们观察了小学、初中、青少年中心和日托中心的儿童行为。我们还采访了许多教育工作者和家长。我们的研究重点主要集中在：1.学校教师的日常工作和教师的师范性建设。Buraku父母的生育和他们对教育的态度3。学校、青少年中心、日托中心和家长的关系我们的主要发现是：1.小学教师在维持教室秩序方面面临困难。一些教师开始改变他们的教学方法，强调每个孩子的差异性和个性化的教学方法，但也有许多人不愿改变现状。后者认为，个别化会在某种程度上损害儿童之间的人际关系。虽然他们对孩子有很强的责任感，但他们不能与父母或青少年中心合作。他们肩上的担子很重，因此不堪重负。如今，居住在Buraku的父母在经济地位和对教育的态度方面变得不同。开展了部分家长教育试点，开展了家长应对多样化的志愿活动。可以找到托儿所、学校、青少年中心、家长之间的合作。人们有很多会议，但他们不能做出任何决议，解决问题。我们需要一些总部来挽救这种局面。我们的研究网站正在进行教育改革。我们与关心我们研究的教育工作者和家长建立了良好的合作伙伴关系，并帮助人们成功地启动了改革。这是我们项目的重要成果之一。

The aim of our research is to explore the factors influencihg school achievement of the Buraku children. We observed children's behavior in the elementary school, junior high school, youth center, and day care center. We had also interviews with many educators and parents. Our research focus was mainly on ;1. school teachers' everydey work and their construction of pedagogy2. child bearing of the Buraku parents and their attitude to the schooling3. relatonships between schools, youth center, day care center, and parentsOur major findings were ;1. Elementary School teachers are confronted by difficulties in maintaining order in the classrooms. Some teachers are beginning to change their pedagogy, stressing differences of each child and individualization on the teaching method, but many others are reluctant to change the present state. The latter assume that individualization would do harm to the interpersonal relations among children in some way. While they have strong sense of accountability to the children, they cannot cooperate with the parents or the youth center. They carry a heavy load on their shoulders, and thereby overloaded.2. Parents living in Buraku are becoming heterogeneous in terms of economic status and attitude to schooling these days. Some experiments of parents education are implemented and voluntary activities of the parents responsive to the diversification are coming out.3. Cooperation between day care centers, schools, youth center, parents can be found. People have many meetings, but they cannot make any resolution and solve the problems. Some kind of head quarter is needed to save the situation.Educational reform is ongoing in our research site. We have made good partnership with educators and parents concerned with our research as well as helped people to start the reform successfully. This is one of the important outcomes of our project.