Clinical study of postnatal depression. -The impact on child development-

最近，越来越多的证据支持产后抑郁与儿童发展的某些指标之间的联系。我们进行了一项纵向研究，以确定产后母亲抑郁对儿童发育的影响。调查分为两组；一组是在产科诊所就诊的妇女（n=1208，诊所组），另一组是在市卫生中心接受公共卫生护士健康指导的妇女（n=200，中心组）。在怀孕后期，孕妇同意接受状态-特质焦虑量表（A-Trait）测试，并在产后一年内继续参与研究。分别于产后1、3、4个月和1年分别进行爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）和状态-特质焦虑量表（A-State）测试。在产后一年，她们通过问卷调查被问及母爱和婴儿的发育。临床组产后1、3、4个月、1年EPDS（>=9）测试高分率分别为18.3%、11.9%、7.2%、12.2%，中心组为20.5%、17.1%、15.0%、16.1%。EPDS评分及产后1年A-State与两组产妇情感发育不良显著相关。此外，中心组的EPDS评分和A-State测试与儿童发展评分呈负相关。这些发现有助于阐明母亲心理因素（包括产后抑郁）与儿童发育之间的关系。

Recently, evidence has accumulated supporting an association between postnatal depression and certain indices of child development.We conducted a longitudinal study to identify the impact of postnatal maternal depression on child development. The investigation was conducted in two groups ; one group consisted of women who attended the obstetric clinic (n=1208, Clinic group), and the other was the women who received health guidance from public health nurses of a municipal health center (n=200, Center group). During the late phase of pregnancy, pregnant women agreed to take the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Trait (A-Trait) test and to remain in the study until one year postpartum. At one, three, four months and one year postpartum, each subject took the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) test and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State (A-State) test. At one year postpartum, they were asked about maternal affection and their baby's development by a questionnaire. The prevalence of high scores in EPDS (>=9) tests at one, three, four months and one year postpartum was 18.3%, 11.9%, 7.2% and 12.2% in the Clinic group, and 20.5%, 17.1%, 15.0% and 16.1% in the Center group, respectively. The EPDS score, as well as the A-State at one year postpartum were significantly correlated with poorly developed maternal affection in both groups. Furthermore, the EPDS score and the A-State test were inversely correlated with child development scores in the Center group.These findings contibute to elucidating the association between maternal psychological factors, including postnatal depression, and child development.