Nutritional studies related to the development of mass production techniques of quality larvae

培育能产受精卵的优良亲鱼和用优质配合饲料或活饵料培育出壳仔鱼是成功大量繁殖优质仔鱼的最重要和最根本的途径之一。从这一观点出发，在这一为期两年的项目中开展了几项营养研究。在亲鱼饲料方面，新研制的软干颗粒饲料（SDP）适合黄尾鱼，在SDP中添加30 ppm的虾青素可提高产卵量和卵质量。至于开发微量饲料所必需的营养需求数据，对维生素C（VC）和硫胺素进行了实验。饲料中n-3 HUFA水平对牙鲆幼鱼VC需要量有影响，当饲料中n-3 HUFA为2%时，幼鱼VC需要量为10 mg/100 g饲料。对红鱼仔鱼肌肉TBA值的测定表明，VC能降低肌肉脂质过氧化反应。根据最大生长量和肝胰脏中焦磷酸硫胺素含量，推测日本沼虾幼虾对硫胺素的需要量约为14 mg/100 g饲料。另一方面，在活体食物的实验中。本文测定了几种海水仔鱼在卤虫摄食阶段对DHA的需要量。以卤虫干物质为基础，红鱼DHA需要量为0.95-1.62%，黄尾鱼为1.39-2.63%，条纹鱼为1.6-2.2%。这些结果对建立不同物种的大规模种子生产技术具有重要的参考价值。

One of the most important and fundamental approaches to the successful mass propagation of quality larvae is to cultivate quality broodstock which can produce fertile eggs and to culture hatched larvae with quality formulated microdiets or live foods. From this viewpoint several nutritional studies have been carried out in this two-year project. The results obtained are summarized as follows.With regard to broodstock diet, a newly-developed soft-dry pellet (SDP) was found to be suitable for yellowtail and supplementation of 30ppm astaxanthin to SDP enhanced spawning and quality of eggs. As for the data on nutritional requirements essential for development of microdiets, experiments were conducted on vitamin C (VC) and thiamine. In larval flounder VC requirement was affected by dietary n-3 HUFA levels, and was 10mg/100g diet when n-3HUFA was 2% in diet. In red seabream larvae TBA value of muscle suggested that VC can reduce lipid peroxidation in muscle. The thiamine requirement of larval Kuruma shrimp was found to be around 14mg/100g diet based on the maximum growth and the hepatopancreatic thiamine pyrophosphate content. On the other hand, in experiments with live foods. DHA requirement was determined for some marine larval fish at the stage subsisting on Artemia. On a dry matter basis of Artemia, the DHA requirement was 0.95-1.62% for red seabream, 1.39-2.63% for yellowtail and 1.6-2.2% for striped jack. These results are valuable information for establishment of techniques related to mass seed production of various species.