STUDY OF THE AGRARIAN SOCIALISM IN HUNGRY AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY

本文研究的是1891年爆发并持续到1907年的匈牙利农民运动--“土地社会主义”运动。这场运动分为三个时期。1)1891-94年：运动开始于匈牙利南部，2）1894-97年：运动在匈牙利中部发展，3）1897-98年：运动在西北地区，4）1903-08年：运动蔓延到多瑙河。在1）、2）、3）时期，该运动主要活跃在大庄园与佃农混杂的阿尔福尔地区，而在4）时期则涉及到大庄园地区。该运动由小手工业者发起，并迅速在贫农、无地农民、农奴、农业工人和季节工人中蔓延。至于该运动的思想，我研究了社会主义思想是如何被农民以他们可以理解的方式接受的，社会主义思想是如何与在匈牙利这一地区广泛存在的教派思想相结合的，农民是如何被戈伊的记忆所鼓励参加运动的。多扎，L.科苏特和活跃在这一地区直到19世纪70年代的社会土匪。

This research deals with the Hungarian peasant movement named "agrarian socialism" which broke out in 1891 and lasted until 1907. This movements is devided into soveral period. 1) 1891-94 : the movement started in the southern part of Hungary, 2) 1894-97 : the movement developed in the middle part of Hungary, 3) 1897-98 : movement in the north-west region, 4) 1903-08 : the movement spread into the Transdanube. In the 1), 2), 3) Periods, the movement was active in the Alfold, where latifundia and tanyas are mixed, while in the period 4) the region of latifundia was involved.The movement was initiated by small handicraftmen and rapidly spread among poor peasants, landless peasants, zsellers, agricultural laborers and season workers.As for the ideologies of the movement, I studied how the socialist idea was accepted by peasants in such a way as was understandable for them, how the socialist idea was converged with the idea of sects which were widespread in this part of Hungary and how the peasants were encouraged into the movement by the memory of Gy.Dozsa, L.Kossuth and social bandits who were active in this area until 1870s.