Pop-up 3D –Digitization and Interactive Visualization of Historical Movable Books in Science-Guided Practice

迄今为止，图书馆和博物馆在文化资产3D数字化领域的活动仅以基本形式进行了探索，主要涉及静态人工制品，而由柏林国家图书馆（SBB）与德国国家图书馆（DNB）合作规划的项目则更进一步，将重点放在可移动书籍的特点互动上，超越了传统书籍的使用模式。因为这种磁书物件与标准的手抄本不同，它们有灵活的操作元件——通常是拉环或转盘——在中世纪的连环画和当代的弹出式漫画中都能找到。游戏绘本被认为是动作书这一媒介类型中最受欢迎、最具差异化的表现形式，越来越受到研究者的关注。为了应对人文和文化研究的材料转向，将研究重点转移到其维度的雕刻文物上，该项目主要旨在将游戏图画书的整个类型学范围的代表性作品进行数字化，并使其永久开放访问，同时保留其特定的交互性。为此，来自SBB公共领域收藏的100本19世纪和20世纪早期的游戏图画书的范例参考语库，与许多学科相关，将用于实施SBB开发的动力学书籍对象的科学驱动数字化的通用概念，作为BMBF电子遗产计划的一部分。在与NFDI4Culture的合作中，SBB和普鲁士文化遗产基金会（SPK）共同负责3D数字化，最近在与不同学科的研究人员的对话中，对推荐的程序进行了实际适用性和科学充分性的审查。然而，不仅仅是SBB出色的历史图画书收藏，还有DNB的收藏——这是一种世界上很少有系统收集的媒体形式——以及它的修复部门在处理高度脆弱的纸张力学方面的经验，使它有资格参加这个项目。此外，数字文化材料中心（ZEDIKUM）的专业知识和基础设施，作为3D数字化和可视化领域的核心设施，可供SPK机构使用。特别是考虑到其藏品的多样性——根据第二个项目目标——SBB认为该项目有助于建立科学驱动的动态互动文物（如星盘、古董和自动机）的数字复制标准——最好是参与DFG的数字化实践规则的自组织进一步发展过程。

While the activities of libraries and museums in the field of 3D digitization of cultural assets, which has so far only been explored in rudimentary form, predominantly address static arti-facts, the project planned by the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin (SBB) in cooperation with the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (DNB) goes a step further by focusing on movable books in their characteristic interactivity that transcends the modes of conventional book use. For such ki-netic book objects differ from the standard codex in their flexible operating elements – usually pull tabs or turntables – as found in medieval volvelles as well as in contemporary pop-up comics. Game picture books are considered the most popular and most differentiated mani-festation of the media genre of movement books, which has received increasing attention from researchers. In response to the material turn in the humanities and cultural studies, which is shifting the research focus to inscribed artifacts in their dimensionality, the project primarily aims to digit-ize a selection of works representative of the entire typological spectrum of game picture books and to make them permanently accessible in open access – while preserving their specific interactivity. To this end, an exemplary reference corpus of 100 19th- and early 20th-century game picture books from the SBB's public domain collections, relevant to numerous disciplines, will be used to implement a generic concept for the science-driven digitization of kinetic book objects developed by the SBB as part of the BMBF's eHeritage program. In co-operation with NFDI4Culture, in which SBB and the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation (SPK) are jointly responsible for 3D digitization, the recommended procedure was recently reviewed for its practical suitability and its scientific adequacy in a dialog with researchers from various disciplines. However, it is not only the SBB's outstanding holdings of historical picture books, which are complemented by the DNB's collection – a form of media rarely collected systematically an-ywhere in the world – as well as the experience of its restoration department with the treat-ment of highly fragile paper mechanics that qualify it for this project. Added to this are the expertise and infrastructures of the Center for Digital Cultural Materialities (ZEDIKUM), which is available to the SPK institutions as a core facility in the fields of 3D digitization and visuali-zation. Particularly in view of the diversity of its collections – according to the secondary pro-ject goal – the SBB sees this project as a contribution to establishing standards for the sci-ence-driven digital replication of dynamic-interactive cultural objects such as astrolabes, reta-bles and automata – ideally with participation in the process of self-organized further devel-opment of the DFG's Rules of Practice for Digitization.