Study on sweating from xenotransplanted human skin

1 . 1996年的实验结果3株免疫缺陷小鼠背部移植人皮，局部皮内应用匹罗卡品、肾上腺素和阿托品+匹罗卡品，检测移植人皮分泌汗腺的功能。在预先选定的观察区域，通过视频宏镜观察汗液反应。碘淀粉反应可作为汗液运动的表现指标，并可在观察现场对汗液浸湿的区域进行评价。在9只实验动物中，CB-17-scid小鼠与BALB/cA-nu小鼠（BALA/cA-nu, scid）的杂交小鼠似乎对局部药物刺激表现出最一致的出汗反应。经组织学检查，将保存在人皮肤中的汗腺移植到BALB/cA-nu， scid小鼠品系的背部皮肤中。异种人皮肤移植提供了一种新的模式，允许独立于正常的汗腺神经支配，对汗腺细胞的分子受体进行分析，自然递质和药物的作用通过这些受体转导。1997年实验系列I（16个受试者的16个实验）的实验结果。将100mg/ml标准浓度乙酰胆碱离子灌注与尼古丁、匹洛卡品、肾上腺素和血管活性肠多肽（VIP） 3种浓度（0.06、0.36、1.10 mg/ml）进行比较。胆碱能激动剂可诱导直接出汗反射（DIR）和压迫运动轴突反射（AXR）。肾上腺素可诱导微弱的直接出汗反射（DIR），但不能诱导AXR。VIP浓度升高时，DIR未产生AXR，皮肤温度略有升高。实验系列ii（6个实验，6名受试者）。第一次VIP离子导入（0.36mg/ml）后，引起DIR，但未引起AXR。受试者进行30分钟的运动以诱导出汗。休息60分钟后，出汗消失，心率正常，但温度仍然升高（口腔温度升高0.22，皮肤温度升高0.67），表明温度调节有利于散热。VIP离子导入现在引起局部皮肤温度的较大升高，引发微弱但明显的AXR，潜伏期约为2.5 min， DIR增强。少

I.The experimental results of 1996In human skin transplanted to the back of 3 strains of immuno-deficient mice the function of the eccrine sweat glands of the human transplant was tested by topical intradermal application of pilocarpine, adrenaline and atropine + pilocarpine. Sweat responses were obseved in pre-selected fields of obaervation by means of video macroscope. The iodine starch reaction served as an indicator for the appearance of sweat sport and permitted the evaluation of areas wetted by sweat in the field of observation. Among 9 animals tested, the hybrids between the CB-17-scid mouse and the BALB/cA-nu mouse (BALA/cA-nu, scid) seemded to exhibit the most consistent sweating response to local pharmacological stimulation. According to histological examination, eccrine sweat glands were preserved in human skin stansplanted into the back skin of the BALB/cA-nu, scid mouse strain. The heterologous, human skin graft provides a novel moded permitting, independent of the normal … More sweat gland innervation, the analysis of moleculare receptors of sweat gland cells by which the actions of natural transmitters and pharmacological agents are transduced.II.The experimental results of 1997Experimental series I (16 experiments on 16 subjects). Acetylcholine iontophoresed at 100mg/ml standard concentration was compared with nicotine, pilocarpine, adrenaline and with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) at 3 different concentrations (0.06,0.36,1.10 mg/ml). Cholinergic agonists induced both direct sweating reflex (DIR) and sudomotor axon reflex (AXR) Adrenaline induced a weak DIR but no AXR.With the 2 higher VIP concentrations DIR but no AXR was produced, and skin temperatures increased slightly.Experimental seriesII (6 experiments on 6 subjects). After a first VIP iontophoresis at (0.36mg/ml) which elicited DIR but not AXR.The subjects exercised for 30 min to induce sweating. After 60 min rest, sweating had disappeard and heart rate was normal, but temperatures remained elevated (oral temperature by 0.22ﾟC,skin temperatures by 0.67ﾟC) indicating a thermoregulatory stated favoring heat dissipation. VIP iontophoresis now caused larger rises of local skin temperature, elicited weak but distinct AXR with a latency of about 2.5 min and an augmented DIR. Less