The effects of interventions and shift work arrangements based on recording complex physiological changes

以某炼油厂为研究对象，研究了该炼油厂连续倒班制由四班三班改为九班两班制时，对工作条件和倒班安排的干预效果。1）重新设计了用于记录复杂生理变化的便携式装置。新装置比原有装置体积更小，性能更稳定，可用于分析倒班工人工作和休息期间的生理变化。2）9班两班制12小时夜班期间生理和心理变化的昼夜节律模式与8小时轮班期间相似。两个系统之间的差异不显著。时间预算记录的结果表明，新系统减少了与工作有关的活动所花费的总时间。9组两班制的平均睡眠时间比对照组白天睡眠时间短16分钟，夜间睡眠时间长31分钟。 ...更多信息 三班制的平均反应时间3）在实行九队两班制一年后，对202名倒班工人进行问卷调查，结果显示他们赞成实行九队两班制。58%的受访者认为新制度下的轮班工作安排更好，只有11%的受访者认为新制度下的轮班工作安排更差。这项为期两年的干预研究证实，有必要对转移到新轮班制度的影响进行全面评估。首先，改善工作安排的行动计划不仅要改善工作时间安排，还要改善工作内容和应对行为。轮班长度和休息日的频率之间的权衡关系和详细的应对策略，包括插入午睡时间被发现是重要的。第二，通过对倒班工人的生理和心理变化的评估、时间分配分析以及对倒班工人及其家庭看法的问卷调查，发现有必要对这些影响进行评估。少

The effects of interventions in working conditions and shift work arrangements in a petroleum refinery were studied when the refinery changed its continuous shift system from a four-team three-shift system to nine-team two-shift system.1) Portable devices developed for recording complex physiological changes were redesigned. The new devices, smaller and more stable than the original ones, were useful for analyzing the physiological changes during the work and rest periods of shift workers.2) The circadian patterns of physiological and psychological changes during the 12-hour night shift in the 9-team two-shift system were similar to those during the 8-hour shifts. There differences between the two systems were not significant. The results of time budget records showed that the total time spent for work-related activities reduced in the new system. The mean sleeping time in the 9-team two-shift systems was 16 min shorter for daytime sleep and 31 min longer for nighttime sleep than corre … More sponding mean time in the three-shift system3) One year after the transfer to the 9-team two-shift system, the questionnaire replies from 202 shift workers showed that they were in favor of the transfer. Fifty-eight percent replied that the shift working arrangements were better in the new system with only 11 percent replying that they were worse in the new system.This two-year intervention study confirmed the need for a comprehensive assessment of the effects of a transfer to a new shift system. First, action programs for improving work arrangements should address not only improvements in working time arrangements but also those in job content and coping behavior. The trade-off relations between the length of shifts and the frequency of days off and the detailed coping strategies including inserting napping periods were found important. Second, it was found essential to assess these effects by means of combining the evaluation of physiological and psychological changes, the time budget analysis and the questionnaire study of the views of shift workers and their families. Less