Research on disaster and reconstruction on the South Hyogo Earthquake in relation to the natural basis and urban formation

在三年的研究工作中，我们从自然条件和经济社会条件，特别是城市形成的关系出发，对阪神-浅路大地震的灾害和重建进行了分析。包括我们大部分研究工作在内的最终报告于1999年3月发表，总结如下。在神户灾害分析中，绘制了地形分类图，阐明了地形与民居破坏的密切关系。灾害死亡人数、房屋损失与自然条件的关系也因地区而异。地震引起的居住时间流动性在城区、贫困人口和老年人中较为明显。在重建分析中，神户中心地区许多受损办公楼租户向神户周边和外围地区的流动仍然与神户中心的集聚功能有关。以神户两个内城地区为例，分析了二战灾害经历与地震破坏之间的关系。浅路岛城镇的重建与神户市区的重建不同。利用历史地图，分析了农场池塘遗迹与住宅破坏之间的关系，但没有找到明确的结果。收集了地震灾害报纸地图使用的数据，指出了其意义和局限性。我们剩下的任务是增加研究工作，利用与地震有关的许多新的统计数据和报告，并在更广泛的地区，例如神户和阪神地区，进行更深入和分析的方法。

In our research work for three years, disasters and reconstruction on the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake were analyzed considering the relationship between both natural conditions and economic and social conditions, particularly urban formation. A final report including most of our research work was published in March 1999, and the summary is as follows.1. With regard to disaster analysis of Kobe, topographical classification maps were made, and using them it was clarified that topography and residential damages are closely related. Disaster deaths, residential damages, and natural conditions also had the relationship which was quite different by region. Temporal residential mobility due to the earthquake was notable in inner city areas, and poor and old-age people.2. About reconstruction analysis, mobility of many tenants of damaged offices in Central Kobe to areas around and outside Kobe was still related to agglomeration function of Central Kobe. Taking two inner city regions in Kobe, it was shown that experience of disasters by the World War II and the earthquake damages are related. Reconstruction in towns in Awaji Island was different from reconstruction in Kobe urban areas.3. Using historical maps, the relationship between remains of farm ponds and residential damages was analyzed, but clear results were not found. Data of map use by newspapers of the earthquake disasters was collected, and its significance and limitation were pointed out.It is the remaining task for us to add research work using many and new statistics and reports concerning to the Earthquake, and proceed more intensive and analytic approach on wider regions, for example total Kobe and Hanshin regions.