Hyth and Understanding of Nature in the ancient Mediterranean World.

在调查“古代地中海世界的神话和对自然的理解”时，我们在第一年非常重视把握每个时期的特征趋势。因此，很明显，对于古代人来说，神话是理解自然、人类和周围世界的手段。今年，我们将该领域分为三个部分;希腊罗马文学（T.MIZUTANI），哲学作品（H.Akiyama），早期基督教诺斯底文学（T.ONUKI）;并试图具体分析XT。奥维德的《变形记1.56》和水谷清二的《古人的雷电观》，考察了对古人雷电观的清晰理解在确立奥维德描述创世神话的叙事诗文本中所起的关键作用。其次，根据秋山先生的说法，我们可以在柏拉图的早期著作《斐德罗篇》中找到柏拉图的灵魂和爱欲神话，作为后来思想<the world-soul>或《立法》的基础。>.对卢克莱修《诗的哲学》和《神话》的研究表明，他的风格对后世诗人产生了巨大的影响。T.ONUKI从性象征的角度研究了Nag-Hammadi图书馆中的诺斯替教经文，并得出结论认为，“整个可见世界作为子宫”是最引人注目的特征。

Upon investigating "Myth and Understanding of Nature in the ancient Mediterranean World", we placed, in the first year, great importance on grasping each period's characteristic trends. As a result, it became clear that for the ancient people myths were means to understand the nature, the human being, and the working of surrounding world. This year, we devided the field to three parts ; Greek-Roman literature (T.MIZUTANI), philosophical workd (H.AKIYAMA), Early Christian-Gnostic literature (T.ONUKI) ; and tried to analyze the xt concretely. 'Ovid, Metamorphoses 1.56 and the Ancients'Notion of Thunder and Lightning by T.MIZUTANI reviews the critical role playd by a clear understanding of the ancients'notion of thunder and lightning in establishing the text of Ovid's narrative poetry which describes the Creation myth. In the next place, according to M.AKIYAMA,we can find Plato's myth of soul and Eros in his early work, "Phaedrus", as a basis of the later ideas <the world-soul> or <legislation? >. And the study of Philosophy of Poetry and Myth of Lucretius showed that his style had a tremendous influence on latter poets. And T.ONUKI examined the gnostic scriptures contained in the Nag-Hammadi-Library from the view point of sexual symbolism, and concluded the idea, "the whole visible world as womb", to be the most striking feature.