Task specialization of worker polyethism in honeybee colony

为了分析蜜蜂对任务的专业性，从蜜蜂的遗传背景和行为背景两个方面确定了工作人员。我们的假设是，如果遗传背景参与专门化，所有特定任务的工人都应该属于一个父系群体，如果行为背景参与，他们表现出相似的行为特征或行为模式。作为一项专家任务，我们观察到了承担行为。由于样本量太小，利用DNA标记进行亲缘关系分析不够清晰，不能揭示遗传背景对特化的贡献。而接受专门任务的员工与只接受一般任务的员工在行为内容阵容和各内容的执行频度上存在显著差异。只有1%的工蜂表现出专门化，因此专门化受到遗传背景的影响，这表明S等几个亲属群体中有一部分工蜂设置了较低的反应阈值，是潜在的专化者，有必要使用灵敏度更高的方法进行DNA标记，为此，我们引入了序列凝胶电泳法。此外，我们还需要另一项在普通S-泽德群体中可以观察到的专门任务，因为观测蜂群抽样可以限制专家样本的大小。

To analyze the specialization on tasks by a honeybee workers from both genetic and behavioral backgrounds of the bee are determined. Our hypothesis is if genetic background takes part in the specialization, all workers in particular task should be in one patriline group and if behavioral background does, they show similar ethograms or behavioral patterns.As a specialist task we observed "undertaking" behavior. Because of the sample size was too small and kin-analysis using DNA-markers was not so clear, we could not unveil the contribution of genetic background on the specialization. Whereas, there were significant differences of lineup of behavioral contents and performance frequency of each content between workers that took specialized task and ones took only general tasks. Also specialized workers showed hypersensitive response against exogenous stimuli.Only 1 % of worker bees showed specialization, so specialization is thought to be subjected genetic background, rather it suggests that a portion of workers from (several) kin group (s) has set lower threshold to response and they are the potential specialists.It is necessary to use methods with higher sensitivity on DNA markers, and for this purpose we have introduced sequence-gel electrophoresis. Further we need another specialized task which can be observed in ordinary s-zed colony because the observation hive base sampling can limited the size of specialist samples.