Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cardiovascular-Autonomic Function and Self-Evaluation in Healthy Type A Individuals

本研究的目的是阐明有氧运动训练对健康A型个体心血管自主神经功能的影响。本研究首先从当地报纸招募了78名受试者，其中男14人，女14人，采用A型行为模式问卷(TABP)进行调查。然后，受试者被随机分配到9周有氧运动训练组(AE)和等待名单对照组(WC)。通过训练前后两组受试者的心电图R-R间期变异性的频谱成分分析，在心理任务期间评估心血管自主神经功能。此外，还对训练前后的体重和呼吸阈值(VT)作为体能指标进行了比较。结果显示，训练后AE组VT改善，体重减轻，WC组无此变化，频谱成分分析显示AE组较训练前有更大的高频功率，提示心血管-副交感神经(CP)功能增强。然而，训练期结束后，训练组在TABP各分项得分上无明显改善，部分知觉变化量表得分显著高于WC组。这些结果表明，有氧运动训练有助于增强A型个体的CP功能，并间接地预防心血管疾病，尽管它可能不影响TABP本身。

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of aerobic exercise training on cardiovascular-autonomic function in healthy Type A individuals. Seventy eight participants were first recruited by the local newspaper, and 14 male and 14 female individuals of them were chosen as subjects in this study by the Type A behavior pattern (TABP) questionnaire. Then, the subjects were randomly assigned to the 9-week aerobic exercise training (AE) and the waiting-list control (WC) groups. The cardiovascular-autonomic function was assessed during the mental task by the spectral component analysis of electrocardiographic R-R interval variability for both subject groups prior to and following the training period. In addition, weight and ventilatory threshold (VT) as a physical fitness index were also compared between the pre-and post-training. Results revealed that while the AE group improved their VTs and decreased their weights following the training, the WC group didn't. The AE group showed a significantly greater power of high frequency obtained by the spectral component analysis, which indicates enhanced cardiovascular-parasympathetic (CP) function, for the AE group following compared to that prior to the training period. However, the AE group didn't show the improvement on the subscores of TABP.Some of the measures of perceived change had significantly greater scores for the AE group, relative to the WC group, after the training period. These results suggest that aerobic exercise training contributes to the enhancement of CP function and indirectly to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases for Type A individuals, although it may not influence TABP itself.