The Effects of Cleaning Methods on Titanium Implant Abutment Surfaces

采用口腔内实验累积菌斑的方法，对纯钛种植基牙(SteriossR，PMA基牙，3.25 mm)表面进行特殊清洁处理。两个基牙分别放置在上颌磨牙区的面部，使用单独的丙烯酸支架。每侧各取两个基牙进行扫描电子显微镜观察，另两个基牙用于大鼠背部皮肤种植。分别采用四种不同的清洗方法：PS(塑料刮片)、QJ(Quick JetR，空气动力研磨系统)、PS+TC(四环素-盐酸溶液)和PS+AOW(酸性氧化水)。未使用的基牙(CONT)为阴性对照，有菌斑堆积的基牙(UNT)为阳性对照。扫描电子显微镜观察表明，各处理组均能有效去除菌斑。清菌剂对菌斑的去除效果最好(清洁评分为0)，但与对照组相比，清菌剂对牙菌斑的表面损伤较大。其余3种方法去除菌斑无明显损伤差异无统计学意义(P&lt；0.05)。采用大鼠模型，对不同清洗方法处理的种植基牙周围炎性细胞的数量进行组织学检测。各处理组炎症细胞数均低于UNT组，但高于CONT组。PS组与PS+AOW组比较差异无统计学意义。通过扫描电子显微镜和大鼠模型的观察，得出结论：PS+TC处理是基牙表面无损伤清洁的最有效方法。

The effect of specific cleaning procedures was investigated on the surfaces of titanium implant abutment (SteriossR, PMA abutoment, 3.25 mm) with experimentally accumulated plaque in human mouth. Two abutments were placed on the facial aspects of both maxillary molar regions using individual acrylic stent. Two abutments on each side were examined for SEM study, while the other two abutments for implantation in rat back skin. Each abutment was treated with one of 4 different cleaning methods : PS (plastic scaler), QJ (Quick jetR, air - power - abrasive system), PS+TC (tetracycline-HC1 solution) and PS+AOW (acidic oxidizing water). The unused abutment (CONT) was as a negative control, while the abutment with plaque accumulation (UNT) as a positive control. The SEM observation revealed that all treatments were effective to remove plaque. QJ was the most effective to remove plaque (cleaning score, 0), but caused the surface damage compared to the other treatment compared to the control. There was no significant difference for removing plaque with no remarkable damage among the remaining 3 methods (P<0.05). The number of inflammatory cells around the implanted abutment treated with different cleaning methods were measured histologically using rat model. All treatments were less for the number of inflammatory cells than that of UNT, however, more than that of CONT. There was no difference between PS and PS+AOW. It may be concluded that the treatment with PS+TC was the most effective method for the cleaning without damage on the abutment surface using SEM and this rat model.