Development technique of bone regeneration using Mesenchymal Stem Cell

近年来，在组织工程领域的研究已经发展并建立了骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）体外培养成骨的技术。通过这些研究，阐明了再生体系的大部分特性。通常，它描述了一种称为组织工程的新技术，其涉及从由分离的细胞、生物相容性奥尔兹和生长因子形成的构建体形成新组织的形态发生。本研究以骨髓间充质干细胞为细胞来源，陶瓷和可吸收胶原为基质，rhBMP-2和富血小板血浆为生长因子。本实验从以下五个方面探讨了体外培养艾德骨再生的有效性：1）基质的研制; 2）体内成骨; 3）成骨细胞大规模培养方法的建立; 4）生长因子促进成骨的有效性。5)在人体临床应用的可能性。在基质方面，我们研究了不可吸收的HA和一种新的可生物降解的β-磷酸三钙（β-TCP）的成骨潜力，表明β-TCP将是一种理想的骨再生支架。此外，我们发现可吸收胶原蛋白是rhBMP-2在鼻窦和自体骨中的有效支架。然而，大多数关于骨形成的研究采用二维组织形态计量学评价和分子生物学，而不是三维的，如微型CT。我们还成功地评估了人类临床病例中松质骨的显微结构。在今后的几年里，我们将进行研究，以提高牙周或牙槽骨缺损的移植物的实用性，为临床使用的技术，培养骨再生与可塑性骨髓间充质干细胞。

Recent studies in the field of tissue engineering have developed and established the technique of cultured bone regeneration with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow. Most of characteristics of the regenerat ion have been clarified by these recent studies. Generally, it have described a new technology called tissue engin eering that involves the morphogenesis of new tissue from constructs formed of isolated cells, biocompatible scaff olds and growth factors. In the present studies, we used MSCs as cell sources, ceramics and absorbable collagen as matrices, and rhBMP-2 and Platelet Rich Plasma as growth factors. In order to examine the effectiveness of cultur ed bone regeneration for clinical use, we investigated the following five things : 1) development of matrix, 2) ost eogenesis in vivo, 3) establishment of the method of larger scale of osteoblast culture, 4) the effectiveness of growth factors to improve the bone formation. 5) A possibility of clinical application in human. In regard to the matrix, we investigated the osteogenic potential of non resorbable HA and a new biodegradable β-tricalcium phosph ate (β-TCP), showing that β-TCP would be an ideal scaffolds for bone regeneration. In addition, we found that absorbable collagen would be an effective scaffold for rhBMP-2 in the sinus as well as autogenous bone. However, m ost studies regarding bone formation have adopted two dimensional histomorphometric evaluations and molecular biol ogys, not three dimensional such as micro CT. We also successfully evaluated microstructure of trabecular bone in human clinical cases. In some years from now, we are going to perform studies to improve the utility of the graft for the periodontal or alveolar defect for clinical use of technique of the cultured bone regeneration using MSCs with plasticity.