Studies on dynamical processes among Mercury's atmosphere, magnetosphere and the solar wind based on 2D imaging observations for Mercury's atmospheric emissions

1)汞大气发射二维成像系统的研制成功地研制了探测水星大气Na-D线发射的二维成像系统。该系统的后端由温度和倾角可控的干涉滤光片和电致冷的2D CCD摄像机组成。滤光片的带宽仅为0.13 nm(半高宽)，以减少水星日侧区域连续发射造成的污染。温度控制功能用于针对环境温度的变化调整滤光片的中心波长，而倾角控制功能用于在短时间内改变中心波长，以观察Na-D线图像和背景发射图像作为参考。后端安装在东北大学的60厘米φF/24Coude望远镜系统上。2)观测水星大气中的Na-D线辐射。由于小型太阳能艺龙…由于水星较多，观测是在低仰角的黄昏时期进行的。因此，望远镜系统的跟踪误差不可避免地很大。在本研究期间，误差没有得到完全补偿，因此，没有成功地获得可靠的图像。然而，我们已经建立了获得水星大气二维图像所需的分析方法，即大气拖尾补偿法和背景辐射量折减法。3)水星大气蒙特卡罗模拟模型的建立考虑了水星和太阳的重力以及水星磁场的存在，建立了中性粒子和电离粒子的蒙特卡罗模拟模型。该模型考虑了三种主要的气体释放过程：光子激发脱附、离子溅射和陨石蒸发。尽管由于缺乏可靠的数据，对水星大气、磁层和太阳风之间的动力学过程的定量研究被推迟到未来的研究中，但在这项研究中建立了一个重要的模型。较少

1) Development of the 2D imaging system for atmospheric emission of MercuryThe 2D imaging system for detection of Na-D line emission of Mercury's atmosphere is successfully developed. The back-end of the system consists of temperature and tilt-angle controlled interference filter and electrically cooled 2D CCD camera. The band-width of the filter is only 0.13nm (FWHM) for reducing the contamination caused by continuum emissions from the day-side area of Mercury. The temperature control function is used for adjusting the center wavelength of the filter against changes in ambient temperature, while the tilt-angle control function is used for changing the center wavelength in a short time to observe both a Na-D line image and back-ground emission image as a reference. The back-end is attached to the 60cm φ F/24 coude telescope system of Tohoku University.2) Observations of Na-D line emission of Mercury's atmosphereThe observations were made from Nov. to Dec. 2000. Due to small solar elong … More ation of Mercury, the observations were made in the twilight period at low elevation angle. The trackingg error of the telescope system was therefore inevitably large. The error has not been fully compensated during this research period, then, reliable images have not been acquired successfully. However, we have established analysis methods which are required to derive 2D image of Mercury's atmosphere ; i.e., the compensation method for atmospheric smearing and the reduction method of back-ground emission.3) Development of Monte-Carlo simulation model for Mercury's atmosphereA Monte-Carlo simulation model for neutral and ionized particles has been developed under the consideration of gravity forces of Mercury and the sun and the presence of magnetic field of Mercury. Three main gas release processes are taken into account in the model ; photon-stimulated desorption, ion sputtering and meteoritic vaporization. Although quantitative investigations of dynamical processes among Mercury's atmosphere, magnetosphere and the solar wind are deferred for future studies due to lack of reliable data, a significant model has been established in this research. Less