Investigation of Related Factors of School Adjustment in Foreign Students and Creative Attempts of School Culture

我们采访了日本3个外国人居住人口较多的地区的班主任、日语教学老师和初中管理人员，询问了外国留学生的问题和特殊支持措施。我们发现，有关教师努力使外国学生适应日本的学校氛围，尊重他们的母语和文化，并促进日本学生对多元文化的理解。随后，我们通过问卷调查法对167名初中生进行调查，了解他们对学校环境的适应感受、需求中的应对行为以及影响他们适应的跨文化因素。问卷调查结果显示，他们的适应感受水平受到他们到达日本的年龄、在日本停留的时间和他们在日本学校的经历的显著调节。适应水平较高的群体似乎比较低的群体在日本社会生活的时间更长，对日本学校文化的接触也更多。他们倾向于适应学校规则，并在学校环境的需要中表现出积极的应对。相反，他们较低的群体往往不接受来自家乡学校的不同的学校制度和规则。他们容易感到孤独或受到歧视，而且容易减少学习动力，学业成绩也会恶化。然后，我们建议为他们安排学校辅导员和其他精通母语的工作人员。

We interviewed classroom-teachers, teachers in charge of Japanese teaching and managers in junior high schools to inquier the problems and special support measures for foreign students in 3 areas with a large population of foreign residents in Japan. We found that teachers concerned endeavored to adjust foreign students to the japanese school climate, respecting their mother languages and cultures as well as to promote japanese students in understanding of multiculture. Subsequently, we surveyed 167 foreign students of junior high schools in order to understand their adjustment feeling toward school environment, coping behaviors in needs and intercultural factors effecting on their adjustment through questionnaire method in above areas. The questionnaire results revealed that their level of adjustment feeling was regulated significantly by the ages they arrived and periods they were staying in Japan and their experiences in japanese schools. Their higher group in adjustment level seemed to have lived in japanese society longer and touched japanese school culture more than their lower group. They tended to accommodate themselves school rules and perform active coping in needs of school situations. Conversely, their lower group tended to have not accepted different school systems and rules from their home schools. They were subject to lonliness or discrimination and apt to reduce motivation and worsen their academic achievment. Then, we recommend arranging school-counselors and other staffs proficient in mother languages for them.