Study of cultured bone or cartilage regeneration using human mesenchymal stem cells

近年来，间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs）分化多种人体组织的能力日益明显，其增殖技术也逐渐成为现实。另一方面，随着基质工程技术的迅速发展，具有细胞分化和增殖能力的可生物降解基质得到了发展。在这些技术的基础上，组织工程是人们关注的焦点，它涉及到由分离细胞、生物相容性支架和生长因子形成的构建体形成新组织的形态发生。通过这种方法，我们可以用病人的自我再生一个活组织。这些都可以治愈慢性骨关节疾病的疑难杂症。首先，我们注重开发接枝材料作为基质，改进磷酸钙。它被称为CPC，并与β-TCP进行比较。动物成骨实验表明，该材料具有良好的骨再生能力。因此，我们可以期待骨材料的应用。并应用纤维蛋白胶和富血小板血浆，证实这些材料具有良好的骨再生能力。对于细胞培养方法，我们可以利用拉伸应力、压力应力和超声波等应力来加速细胞功能，并进行骨再生。在相同的应激条件下，由间充质干细胞分化而来的软骨细胞的功能差异不大。而采用生物反应器进行大规模培养的方法，在压力胁迫下是有效的。在未来，我们希望通过这些结果，提出利用MSCs再生骨和软骨的细胞提供方法和培育新产业的策略。

Recently, it is obvious that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate various human tissues and these cells proliferation technology comes true. On the other hand, biodegradable matrix with differentiation and proliferation of the cells developed by rapid development of matrix engineering. On the basis of these technology, tissue engineering, which involves the morphogenesis of new tissue from constructs formed of isolated cells, biocompatible scaffolds and growth factor, was the focus of attention. By using this method, we can regenerate a living tissue using patioents' self. These can cure the difficult treatment of chronic bone and joint disease. At first, we pay attention to develop graft materials as a matrix and improve calcium phosphate. It called CPC and was compared to β-TCP. And in animal study with osteogenesis, it was clear that the materials had good ability of bone regeneration. Therefore we can expect application of the bone materials. And applying fibrin glue and platelet rich plasma, we can confirm that these material have ability of good bone regeneration. As for cell culture method, we can get acceleration of the cell function using stress, such as stretch stress, pressure stress and supersonic waves and apply bone regeneration. There were not big differences in function of chondrocytes, which differentiated from MSCs, using the same stress. And as for culture method on a large scale using a bioreactor, it was useful under using pressure stress. In the future, by applying these results, we would like to suggest cell providing method in regenerating bone and cartilage using MSCs and strategy of fostering new industry.