STUDIES ON GAMETOCYTA ACTIVATING FACTOR IN THE SALIVARY GRAND OF ANOPHELINE MOSQUITOES

配子体激活因子(GAF)诱导疟原虫微配子脱出。我们在雌性斯氏按蚊的唾液腺中发现了GAF。在唾液腺粗匀浆上清液中以浓度依赖的方式诱导出鞭毛。唾液腺的出毛诱导活性(EIA)高于中肠和头部。唾液腺中的GAF被发现是热稳定的低分子(&lt；3000分子量)。毛细管电泳法和紫外吸收谱分析表明，唾液腺中含有黄原酸，这种酸以前在斯氏沼虾头部被鉴定为GAF。唾液腺中的EIA在血餐后立即下降，表明GAF存在于唾液中，并与血液一起进入中肠，并在中肠诱导脱出。接下来，我们比较了五种蚊子唾液腺中的EIA，埃及伊蚊和伊蚊。Albopictus，An.Omorii、An.Stephensi和淡色库蚊。结果，所有被检查的蚊子物种的唾液腺中都含有GAF。一种。Omorii和An.Stephensi比Ae消耗更多的GAF。Ae.埃及伊格普提Albopictus和Cx.提示更多的GAF可能被引入到按蚊的中肠。这可能是为什么只有按蚊才能传播哺乳动物疟疾的原因之一。(224字)

Gametocyte activating factor (GAF) induces exflagellation of Plasmodium microgametes. We found GAF in the salivary glands of female mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi. The exflagellation was induced in a concentration-dependent manner in the supernatant of salivary gland's crude homogenate. The exflagellation inducing activity (EIA) in the salivary gland was higher than that in the midgut and the head. GAF in the salivary glands was found to be heat stable and low molecule (< 3,000 molecular weight). Analysis of the supernatant by capillary electrophoresis and UV absorbance profile showed that the salivary glands contained xanthurenic acid, which was previously identified as GAF in the head of A. stephensi. EIA in the salivary gland declined immediately after a blood meal, implying that GAF was in the saliva, and was delivered into the midgut together with the blood and induced exflagellation in the midgut. Next, we compared EIA in the salivary glands of five mosquito species, Aedes aegypti, Ae. Albopictus, An. omorii, An. Stephensi and Culex pipiens pallens. As a result, all the mosquito species examined contained GAF in the salivary glands. An. omorii and An. Stephensi consumed more GAF than Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Cx. p. pallens during blood feeding, suggesting that more GAF might be introduced into the midgut of Anopheles mosquitoes. This would be one of the reasons why only anopheline mosquitoes can transmit mammalian malaria. (224 words)