Does the host specific races of the common cuckoo evolve with the gene by the side of female lineages?

普通的杜鹃被划分为特定于宿主的种族（氏族）。每个种族的雌性都产一种独特的卵，这种卵往往与宿主的卵相匹配。在母系遗传的线粒体DNA中存在基因间分化，而在核DNA的微卫星位点中不存在基因间分化，这为基因局限于雌性谱系提供了遗传学证据。这支持了最近的行为证据，即雌性而不是雄性普通杜鹃专门针对特定的宿主，并且与影响杜鹃卵类型的基因位于雌性特异性W性染色体上的可能性一致。我们在日本的研究结果也支持这些观点，但由于被分离的祖先谱系殖民，日本的宿主种族并不那么清楚。

The common cuckoo is divided into host-specific races (gentes). Females of each race lay a distinctive egg type that tends to match the host's eggs. It was provided genetic evidence that gentes restricted to female lineages from the fact that there is differentiation between gentes in maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA, but not in microsatellite loci of nuclear DNA. This supports recent behavioural evidence that female, but not male, common cuckoos specialize on a particular host, and is consistent with the possibility that genes affecting cuckoo egg type are located on the female-specific W sex chromosome. Our results in Japan also supported these ideas, but the host races are not so clear in Japan, due to colonization by separated ancestral lineages.