The development of the local residents' autonomy and the emerging of the ‘civil society' in Thailand

1.项目会议我们在为期三年的项目期间共召开了十次会议。此外，2005年12月18日，我们在豆瓣大学举行了一场公开的大型会议，邀请了一位来自泰国的嘉宾演讲者，即曼谷市政府官员Jinda Imporn女士，并邀请了豆瓣大学社会学系教授Manabu Ajisaka先生作为客座讲解员。成员们也在那次会议上报告了研究结果。2.取得的研究成果。在三年的时间里，进行了五次实地调查。调查的结果如下：从1990年初开始，曼谷市政府推行了一种新的居民自治制度--春川制度，S说，显然，如果该制度是…的话，当地社会作为一种接受(达到所谓的公民社会层面)的一定程度的成熟将是不可或缺的更多的人将有效地发挥作用。如原为农村地区的春川A，由于长期处于内政部地方行政管理体制的底层，长期习惯于省内管辖的“以上心下式”式的“赞助人-委托人制”。在Chumchon A，这一形象是由“Kamnan-Phuyai Baan系统”及其强有力的领导所实现的。由于村民倾向于在传统的背景下理解新的春川制度，他们认为春川制度下的新领导人缺乏领导力。事实上，随着非农民人数的增加，以及社区中许多新移民的迁徙，社区在种族、职业和收入方面不再是一个同质的社区。如今的农村社区失去了团结，在组织自治社区的能力上显然比城市中产阶级居民区更无能。另一方面，在Chumchon B，主要由城市中下层中产阶级组成的委员会，尽管可以说是从最初为了与房地产公司谈判解决居民区问题而成立以来一直得到有效管理的。尽管随着问题似乎逐渐得到解决，出现了这个团体，但那些有着传统思维方式的人认为，这个委员会是一个有利可图的职位。这种倾向于将地位与利益联系在一起的思想日益强烈，导致了2005年8月的委员会成员选举中，老委员和老委员严重失利的结果。关于研究引文中的这种“新”反应，需要从现在起继续观察。对于迅速壮大的城市中产阶级来说，新的区域社会形态的形成过程似乎在反复曲折，摸索着泰国式的城市自治，形成泰国式的市民社会。较少

1.Project meeting We held ten times of the meetings for the project period of three years. Moreover, on December 18, 2005, we had an open big meeting at Doshisha University, inviting a guest speaker from Thailand, that is Ms. Jinda Imporn, who is a Bangkok Metropolitan government officer, also inviting Mr. Manabu Ajisaka (Professor, Faculty of Sociology, Doshisha University) as a guest commentator. The results obtained from the research were also reported by the members at that meeting. 2.Achieved result of research. Five times field researches were done for the three years' period of the project. Findings obtained as a result of investigation are as follows ; The Chumchon system, a new residents' self governance system has been enforced by BMA (Bangkok Metropolitan Administration) since the beginning of 1990's, and it seems apparent a certain level maturity of the local society as a acceptance (attainment at the level of so-called ‘civil society') will be indispensable if the system w … More ill be functioned effectively. As the case of Chumchon A, an former rural area, since it has long been in the bottom of local administration system of the Ministry of Interior, and has been accustomed to "The above mind under" type of "patron - client system" be under the provinces jurisdiction for a long time. At Chumchon A, that image is materialized by the "Kamnan-Phuyai baan system" with their strong leadership. Since the villagers' tend to understand the new Chumchon system in that traditional context, they think the new leaders under the Chumchon system are deficient of the leadership. Actually, as the number of non-farmers increases, and the many newcomers migrates in the community, the community is no more a homogeneous community in the point of ethnicity, occupation, nor income. The rural community, nowadays, lose its unity, and is apparently more incompetent than these urban middle class residential area on the ability to organize self-autonomous community. On the other hand, in Chumchon B, mainly consisted of urban middle-middle or lower middle class, though it can be said that the committee has been managed efficiently since it originally has been formed in order to negotiate with the real estate company to solve the problems of the residential area. Though, as the problems seemed to be solved gradually, there has emerged the group, those share the ‘traditional' way of thinking to consider the committee as some kind of ‘profitable' post. That kind of thinking that is tend to connect the position with the profit has been stronger day by day, and it caused the result that the old and original members of the committee has severely being defeated on the election of the members of the committee at August, 2005. On these kind of ‘new' reaction at the research cite, it is required to keeping observing from now on. As for the rapid expanding urban middle class, the process of a new regional social formation seems to repeat meandering to grope for the "Thai" type of urban self-autonomy and formation of "Thai" type of civil society. Less