Role of the cerebellar floccular region in generation of three dimensional pursuit eye movements - Comparison with frontal eye field signals -

额眼灵长类动物使用额面平滑追踪（正面追踪）和深度追踪（聚散追踪）来追踪在三维（3D）空间中缓慢移动的感兴趣物体。众所周知，小脑絮状区在前庭眼反射（VOR）的启动和维持以及前庭眼反射（VOR）的控制中起着至关重要的作用。通过分配猴子追求一个点在3D空间中移动，我研究了追求浦肯野（P）细胞在絮状区域是否有聚散敏感性，以及它们是如何参与聚散追求。112追求P细胞检查正面和聚散追求，大多数（63%）放电的两个，24%只放电的聚散追求和13%只放电的正面追求。大多数（58%）的聚散相关P细胞具有速度敏感性，因此它们携带3D追踪信号。72%还具有聚散位置敏感性。相比之下，专门为前向追踪放电的追踪P细胞， ...更多信息 e在絮状区占少数。80%的3D追求P细胞放电后，发病的聚散追求的平均滞后为56毫秒。我还检查了活动的絮状P细胞在前/后翻译，以测试他们是否携带凝视速度信号。大多数的P细胞（17/22=77%）没有响应前/后平移时，猴子被要求固定一个目标，与他们一起移动，以保持在翻译过程中的聚散角。然而，大多数（13/22=59%）响应，如果猴子需要补偿性聚散眼球运动。后一种情况下的实际反应很好地预测了他们的眼睛速度灵敏度在聚散追求。这些结果表明，在3D追求，而不是凝视（眼睛在空间）控制的絮状区域的参与。絮状区域的追踪信号可以为追踪增益控制提供内部反馈信号。与聚散眼位置相关的P细胞活性也可以为VOR的适当控制提供视距信息。少

Frontal-eyed primates use both smooth-pursuit in frontal planes (frontal-pursuit) and pursuit-in-depth (vergence-pursuit) to track objects of interest moving slowly in three-dimensional (3D) space. The cerebellar floccular region is well known to play a crucial role in initiation and maintenance of frontal-pursuit and control of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). By assigning monkeys to pursue a spot moving in 3D space, I examined whether pursuit Purkinje (P) cells in the floccular region have vergence sensitivity and how they are involved in vergence-pursuit. Of 112 pursuit P cells examined for both frontal and vergence-pursuit, the majority (63%) discharged for both, 24% discharged only for vergence-pursuit and 13% discharged only for frontal-pursuit. The majority of (58%) of vergence-related P cells had velocity sensitivity, thus they carry 3D-pursuit signals. 72% also had vergence-position sensitivity. In contrast, pursuit P cells that discharged specifically for frontal-pursuit ar … More e in the minority in the floccular region. 80% of 3D-pursuit P cells discharged after the onset of vergence-pursuit with the average lag of 56 ms. I also examined activity of floccular P cells during fore/aft translation to test whether they carry gaze-velocity signals. The majority of P cells (17/22=77%) did not respond to fore/aft translation when monkeys were required to fixate a target that moved with them in order to maintain the vergence angle during translation. However, most (13/22=59%) responded if the monkeys were required compensatory vergence eye movements. Actual responses during the latter condition were well predicted by their eye velocity sensitivity during vergence-pursuit. These results suggest the involvement of the floccular region in 3D-pursuit rather than gaze (eye-in-space) control. Pursuit signals in the floccular region could provide internal feedback signals for pursuit gain control. Vergence eye position-related P cell activity could also provide the viewing distance information for appropriate control of the VOR. Less