Comparative Study of the Advancement Policies in the Quality of Teacher Education and their Assenssment

本研究旨在厘清80年代末S在美国、英国、法国、德国、中国、泰国和日本等国实施的教师教育质量提升政策的特点。当我们将其分为欧洲国家组和东亚国家组时，其趋势特征可以解释如下。可以指出，欧洲国家有如下共同特点：(1)尝试研究生院层面的教师培训。(2)教师在职教育系统化。(3)制定并实施了《教师培训标准》。(4)实施了教师评估，但现实情况参差不齐。亚洲国家教师教育的共同特点是：(1)受佛教、儒家思想影响较大的亚洲教师更重视教师的品格；(2)地区差距、教师供求和教师资格标准化问题日益突出。(3)当前面临的挑战是提高教师的基本素质，强化在职教育，强调教师培训课程的实践性。在今天的日本，存在以下几个问题：(1)针对“不称职教师”的对策；(2)教师资格证续展制度；(3)引入新的教师评价制度；(4)建立研究生院培养教师。与其他国家相比，(1)和(2)首先是特征问题，有待进一步核实。

This research targets to clarify the features of the advancement policies in the quality of teacher education that were implemented in countries such as United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, China, Thailand and Japan in the late 80's. When we categorize those into European country group and East Asian country group, the feature of the trend can be explained as below.1. European countries can be pointed out that there are common features as listed below.(1) Teacher training in the level of graduate school are attempted.(2) In-service education for teachers is systematized.(3) "Standard for teacher training" is established and acting.(4) "Teacher assessment" is implemented, but the reality of it is various.2. Asian countries can be pointed out that there are common feature as listed below.(1) The character as teacher has more importance for Asian teachers who get lots of influence from Buddhism and Confucianism.(2) The issues of Regional gap, supply-demand of teachers and standardization of teacher qualification are getting more important.(3) The challenges today are to improve fundamental qualification, to consolidate in-service educationand to emphasize "practicality" in teacher training curriculum. In Japan today, following points are at issue ; (1)counter measure for "incompetent teacher", (2)system for renewing teaching license, (3)introduction of new system for teacher's evaluation, (4)foundation of graduate school for teacher training. As compared with other countries, (1) and (2) are above all to be further verified as characteristic issues.