Chemical and genetic diversity of Ligularia species of Yunnan province of China

于2004-2006年8月进行了野外调查，共采集到25种左右的黑麦草及杂交种。结果表明，中甸和理塘地区的优势种分别为白花蛇舌草和杜氏乳杆菌。对通草、羊草、侧柏、黄花、唐山等5种植物各采集10~20个样品，分析其根部化学成分和核苷酸序列。在化学成分和碱基序列上，通草的多样性较小，而草木的多样性较小。侧茎侧柏和唐川侧柏均可分为云南型和四川型。两种类型的唐山乳杆菌在化学成分上差异较大，而两种类型的侧茎乳杆菌产生的是与呋喃甲环己烷相关的化合物。四川产黄链球菌属也分为两个类型，但在地理上没有分开。几个新的COM…分离得到了更多的化合物，包括Virga Renone A-D和Virgaurenolide A，并根据光谱数据确定了它们的结构。此外，还分析了马尾藻、马尾藻、卡纳伊茨藻、宽尾藻和杜氏藻的化学成分和碱基序列，明确了各种间存在的种内多样性。研究发现，种内多样性存在许多不同的模式。此外，在一些物种中，化学成分的多样性与遗传多样性不一致。此外，还发现了化学成分与分类的关系。例如，3，6，15-氧代呋喃杂环戊烷是从科林波斯属植物中分离得到的化合物，而6，15-氧代呋喃类化合物则是从羊角草属植物中分离得到的。通过对甘肃连翘、大叶连翘和唐山连翘的分析和野外观察，认为产生呋喃类化合物的连翘为生态优势种。较少

Field research was carried out in August, 2004-2006, and about 25 Ligularia species were collected as well as hybrid species. It was found that L. cymbulifera and L. duciformis were dominated species in Zhongdian and Litang areas, respectively. For L. tongolensis, L. cymbulifera, L. pleurocaulis, L. virgaurea, and L. tsangchenensis, 10 to 20 samples of each species were collected, and their chemical composition in root and the nucleotide sequences were analyzed. A small diversity was observed for L. tongolensis, while L. cymbulifera was uniform in both chemical composition and the base sequences. Both L. pleurocaulis and L. tsangchanensis could be divided into Yunnan-type and Sichuan-type. Difference in chemical constituents between two types was large in L. tsangchanensis, while two types of L. pleurocaulis were found to be produced related furanoeremophilanes. L. virgaurea in Sichuan province was also divided into two types, but they were not separated geographically. Several new com … More pounds, including virga renones A-D and virgaurenolide A, were isolated and their structures were determined based on spectral data. Analysis of chemical composition and base sequences were also carried out for L. dictyoneura, L. vellerea, L. kanaitzensis, L. latihastata, and L. duciformis, and the presence of intra-specific diversity in each species were clarified. It was found that many different patterns are present in intra-specific diversity. Also, the diversity in chemical composition does not consistent with genetic diversity in some species. Relation between chemical composition and taxonomy was also found. For example, 3,6,15-oxigenated furanoeremophilanes were isolated from Corimbosae species such as L. tongolensis, L. cymbulifera, and L. atroviolacea, while 6,15-oxigenated compounds were obtained from L. vellerea, a Scapicaulis species. Ligularia species producing furano-compounds are though to be ecologically predominant, based on the analysis of L. kanaitzensis, L. dictyoneura, and L. tsangchanensis, and the observation in field. Less