Feedback on IMO Recommendation based on aProposal for New BRM Training and subsequent Evaluation Method

桥梁资源管理（BRM）培训的重点是如何管理可能的人为错误的前提下，没有人是绝对正确的。换句话说，它意味着如何通过机组成员的共同努力，即使在执行错误操作时也能拦截一连串错误。一个船上的组织天生就是自上而下的。船上的等级特权制度容易驱使人员对自己的偏见判断或解释采取补救措施，并因沟通不足和下级缺乏主动报告而引发事故。BRM培训的目的是唤起正确的意识和改善个人行为，如何通过有效的沟通，作为团队成员的合作思考和行动，并消除这种不利因素所造成的等级障碍。（1）根据舰船的特点设计新的BRM训练;（2）建立BRM训练后意识提高的定量评价方法。基于上述目的，作为2005年至2007年期间的研究成果，本研究设计并实施了科比大学版--面向国内航运公司船员和管理人员的团队资源管理培训项目。本培训的内容与桥梁工程的BRM（桥梁资源管理）、机舱工程的ERM（机舱资源管理）和其他组织安全管理相同。因此，它是程序化的普遍性和系统化的各种安全培训。该培训计划由以下两部分组成：（1）危害管理培训;（2）错误管理培训。在定量评估方面，通过实际方法进行评估，并验证了本研究小组开发的TRM培训计划的有效性

Bridge Resource Management (BRM) training focuses on how to manage possible human errors on the premise that no human being is infallible. In other words, it means how to intercept a succession of errors through the joint efforts of crewmembers even when a faulty action is performed. A shipboard organization is innately top-down. The system of hierarchical privileges on board is liable to drive personnel to take recourse in their own prejudiced judgments or interpretations, and invite an accident due to insufficient communication and lack of active reporting by lower ranks. The purpose of BRM training is to invoke the correct consciousness and improve individual behavior on how to think and act cooperatively as team members through effective communication, and to remove such disadvantages caused by hierarchical barriers.This research was conducted targeting the following two items; (1)To design new BRM training based on peculiarities of a ship, (2)To develop a quantitative evaluation method for improving consciousness after BRM training. Based on the above purposes, as the results during the research term from 2005 to 2007, Kobe University version -Team Resources Management Training Program was designed and implemented for crew members and management staffs of domestic shipping companies. The content of this training is common to BRM (Bridge Resource Management) for bridge works, ERM (Engine room Resource Management) for engine-room works and other organizational safety management. Consequently it is programmed by generalizing and systematizing all kinds of safety trainings. This program is composed of two elements as follows; (1) Hazard Management Training, (2) Error Management Training.Regarding a quantitative evaluation, an evaluation through a practical methodology was carried out and the validity of implemented TRM training program which has been developed by our research group was verified