Development of New Processing for the Silk Fibers Produced by the Silkworms Reared on an Artificial Diet

我们试图开发一种新的人工饲料养蚕所产丝纤维的加工方法。为此，我们研究了人工饲料生产的蚕丝蛋白的结构和性质，并与桑葚饲料进行了比较。为此，在整个饲养期间，用人工饲料（A）或桑葚饲料（M）饲养蚕（Kinshuu*Shougetsu）。人工饲料由豆腐饼作为其主要成分组成。以A、M两种类型的蚕茧为试材。A茧的丝胶含量（28.2%）高于N茧（25.0%），A茧的热水溶出率也较高。A型和M型丝胶的氨基酸组成不同。A丝素和M丝素的AAC几乎相同。A丝素的X-射线衍射图也与M丝素的X-射线衍射图几乎相同。酸性染料上染率的A丝胶蛋白高于N丝胶蛋白，但几乎相同的A和M丝素蛋白样品。还评价了A和M丝心蛋白样品的机械性能。本研究中所用的人工饲料对丝素蛋白的结构和性质有一定的影响，但对丝素蛋白的结构和性质影响不大。

We attempted to develop a new processing method for the silk fibers produced by the silkworms reared on an artificial diet. For this purpose, we investigated structure and properties of silk proteins produced on an artificial diet, and compared with those on a mulberry leaf diet. To this end, silkworms (Kinshuu*Shougetsu) were reared on an artificial diet (A) or on a mulberry diet (M) for all rearing duration. The artificial diet consisted of a Tofu-cake as its main component. Two types of cocoons (A and M) were used as sample materials. The sericin content of the A cocoon (28.2%) was higher than that of N (25.0%) and the dissolution rate of the A sericin into hot water was also higher. Amino acid composition (AAC) of the A sericin was different from that of M sericin. The AACs of the A and M fibroins were almost identical. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the A fibroin was also nearly the same as that of M fibroin. Acid dye uptake of the A sericin was higher than that of N sericin, but almost the same for the A and M fibroin samples. Mechanical properties of the A and M fibroin samples were also evaluated. The artificial diet used in this study affects the structure and properties of sericin proteins, but does a little those of fibroin proteins.