Helping the Poor Quit Smoking: Specialized Quitlines and Meeting Basic Needs

项目总结/摘要 COVID-19对低收入和少数民族人口的影响是深远的，包括健康， 就业、收入、食物、租金、交通和尿布和卫生纸等日常需求。在密苏里州， 在进行母公司研究和拟议的补充的地方，差距很大。非洲裔美国人占 <12%的州人口，但超过40%的COVID-19死亡-这是美国第二大差距， 报告种族数据的国家。截至2020年4月20日，我们已经在父母中招募了1，743名低收入每日吸烟者 一项随机试验，测试两种戒烟干预措施。超过一半的人报告家庭年收入 <10，000美元，大多数（59%）是非洲裔美国人，许多（30%）没有完成高中学业。他们也是 患病：50%报告至少有一种慢性疾病（28%哮喘，20% COPD，15% II型糖尿病，10%心脏病 56%的人认为自己的健康状况“一般”（39%）或“差”（17%）。2020年3月9日至4月16日，我们 对88名参与者进行了COVID-19调查项目。对COVID-19的认识很高，但保护 行为不一致，职业暴露高：在工作的人中，74%是非洲人， 美国人-在COVID期间，只有19%的人下班，6%的人在家工作。简而言之，低工资 少数吸烟者，通常健康状况一般或较差，在外面工作，与他人接触更多， 但几乎没有防护设备。我们提出了一个高度创新的研究，在这个小组使用密集的 纵向数据收集和尖端的时间序列分析，以了解复杂，动态 RFA中确定为优先事项的四个因素之间的关系：（1）就业中断;（2）社会和 经济需求;（3）遵守COVID-19遏制和缓解建议;以及（4）健康 指标和行为。这项研究将产生的估计，可用于模型坚持保护 措施和破坏日常需要，个人健康和健康行为，如吸烟，低工资 少数民族工人在流行病期间。

Project Summary/Abstract The impact of COVID-19 on low-income and minority populations has been profound, spanning health, employment, income, food, rent, transportation and daily needs like diapers and toilet paper. In Missouri, where the parent study and proposed supplement take place, disparities abound. African Americans make up <12% of the state population but over 40% of COVID-19 deaths – the second largest gap in the U.S. among states reporting race data. As of April 20, 2020, we have enrolled 1,743 low-income daily smokers in the parent study, a randomized trial testing two cessation interventions. Over half report annual household income <$10,000, most (59%) are African American, and many (30%) did not complete high school. They are also sick: 50% report at least one chronic condition (28% asthma, 20% COPD, 15% Type II diabetes, 10% heart disease), and 56% rate their health as “fair” (39%) or “poor” (17%). From March 9 to April 16, 2020, we administered COVID-19 survey items to 88 participants. Awareness of COVID-19 was high, but protective behaviors were inconsistent, and occupational exposures were high: of those who worked – 74% African Americans – only 19% had been off work and 6% worked from home during COVID. In short, low-wage minority smokers, often in fair or poor health, were working outside the home, having more contact with others, but with little protective equipment. We propose a highly innovative study in this sub-group using intensive longitudinal data collection and cutting-edge time series analyses to understand complex, dynamic relationships among four factors identified as priorities in the RFA: (1) employment disruptions; (2) social and economic needs; (3) adherence to COVID-19 containment and mitigation recommendations; and (4) health indicators and behaviors. The study will produce estimates that can be used to model adherence to protective measures and disruption to daily needs, personal health, and health behaviors such as smoking in low-wage minority workers during pandemics.