Sleep, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Cognitive Function

项目摘要 在未来几十年中，阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症（ADRD）的预计增加， 由于目前缺乏改变疾病的治疗方法，因此需要确定可改变的因素， 预防或延迟ADRD发作。睡眠障碍，低水平的体力活动（PA）和高水平的 久坐行为在老年人中很常见，每一种都被认为是 预防ADRD。虽然这些健康行为是相互关联的，但大多数研究只 同时研究一个或两个以上。这些健康行为的独立和共同贡献 认知能力下降和轻度认知障碍（MCI）的风险尚未得到充分研究。此外，许多 先前的研究由于依赖于对睡眠和活动水平的主观评估以及缺乏 纵向数据。在这个更新的完善爱因斯坦老化研究计划项目（EAS P01; NIA-AG 03949），我们将整合睡眠（腕动计），体力活动 和久坐行为（大腿佩戴的传感器）与传统和动态认知评估，鲁棒 心脏代谢风险特征、炎症指标、心理社会和人口统计学因素以及基于血液的 EAS P01核心和其他项目支持的ADRD生物标志物。目标1将审查独立的 以及睡眠、PA和久坐行为以及这些行为的模式对日常认知的联合影响 表现、认知能力下降率和MCI发病率。目标2将研究睡眠与 活动与心血管危险因素的措施，促炎和抗炎细胞因子和脑血管 结构和功能，并将确定这些因素是否介导睡眠，PA和 久坐行为与认知结果之间的关系。目标3将研究种族、社会力量和复原力因素 与睡眠、PA和久坐行为以及认知能力下降有关。更好地理解 睡眠，PA和久坐行为的独立和联合作用以及将它们与 痴呆发作前的认知下降有可能为有针对性的行为干预提供信息，以延迟 ADRD发作。确定种族和社会力量与这些健康行为的关联， 认知结果可能阐明ADRD发生率和潜在的种族差异的因素， 预防目标是缩小差距。将目标与其他项目交叉联系将使我们能够进一步 探索将这些健康行为与ADRD风险联系起来的机制。

PROJECT ABSTRACT The projected increase in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) in the coming decades, paired with the current lack of disease modifying treatments highlights the need to identify modifiable factors that may prevent or delay ADRD onset. Sleep disturbances, low levels of physical activity (PA) and high levels of sedentary behavior are common among older adults and each has been identified as a potential target for prevention of ADRD. Although these health behaviors are interrelated, the majority of studies have only studied one or at most two at the same time. The independent and joint contributions of these health behaviors to cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) risk have not been fully examined. Further, many prior studies have been limited by reliance on subjective assessments of sleep and activity levels and by lack of longitudinal data. In this renewal of the well-established Einstein Aging Study Program Project (EAS P01; NIA- AG03949), we will integrate objective ambulatory measures of sleep (wrist actigraphy), physical activity and sedentary behavior (thigh-worn sensors) with traditional and ambulatory cognitive assessments, robust cardiometabolic risk profiles, inflammatory measures, psychosocial and demographic factors, and blood based ADRD biomarkers supported by the EAS P01 Cores and other Projects. Aim 1 will examine the independent and joint effects of sleep, PA, and sedentary behavior and patterns of these behaviors on daily cognitive performance, rates of cognitive decline, and MCI incidence. Aim 2 will examine associations of sleep and activity with measures of cardiovascular risk factors, pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cerebrovascular structure and function and will determine whether these factors mediate associations between sleep, PA and sedentary behavior with cognitive outcomes. Aim 3 will examine how race, social forces and resilience factors are related to sleep, PA and sedentary behavior and to cognitive decline. Better understanding the independent and joint effects of sleep, PA and sedentary behavior and the mechanisms linking them to cognitive decline prior to dementia onset has the potential to inform targeted behavioral interventions to delay onset of ADRD. Identifying the associations of race and social forces with these health behaviors and with cognitive outcomes may elucidate factors which underlie racial differences in rates of ADRD and potential prevention targets to diminish disparities. Cross linking aims with the other projects will allow us to further explore mechanisms linking these health behaviors to ADRD risk.