Predicting Young Adult Health: Family Aggression and Bioregulatory Pathways

项目总结 充满敌意的婚姻冲突和严厉的育儿方式(家庭攻击性)非常普遍。慢性 暴露于家庭攻击性会增加个人反社会和危险行为的风险， 情绪低落，认知能力减退。这项研究中的重大差距包括稀缺 适应和适应不良的长期发展轨迹研究 与暴露在家庭暴力中有关。此外，解释轨迹的可变性 家庭攻击性背景下的健康--为什么一些人表现出韧性，而另一些人 恶化--是科学和实践的迫切需要。拟议的研究解决了这些问题 开放问题，并将阐明自主神经系统活动和睡眠调节 参数(生物调节过程)以及社会背景变量(社会经济 地位)，这可能调解家庭侵犯的风险，或起到加剧或保护的作用 对抗它对情绪和行为适应不良的影响，从童年到早期 成人期。该设计建立在具有良好特征的6波研究的基础上，并涉及另外2个 海浪。样本包括6个研究浪潮中8岁至18岁的年轻人 在第七波将是~22-23年。设计的优势包括大而多样的 样本，高保留率，跨重要结果领域的测量广度，以及 8个研究浪潮，允许分析心理健康的长期轨迹，药物使用， 和认知功能。使用经过充分验证的测量和 程序。这项研究将促进对家庭攻击性的长期影响的理解； 阐明传递风险或作为脆弱性或保护性作用的生物调控过程 家庭攻击性背景下的因素；并记录年轻人的家庭结果 侵犯公共卫生优先领域，如药物使用和精神健康 (健康人2020)。多样化的社区样本允许测试研究问题 不同的社会经济地位。结果将有助于确定青少年患癌症的风险最高 成年期早期的负面心理和行为健康结果，并确定家庭和 预防和干预的生物调控目标。

PROJECT SUMMARY Hostile marital conflict and harsh parenting (family aggression) are highly prevalent. Chronic exposure to family aggression elevates individuals’ risk for antisocial and risky behavior, depressed mood, and cognitive decrements. Significant gaps in this research include scarce investigations of long-term developmental trajectories of adaptation and maladaptation associated with exposure to family aggression. Furthermore, explaining variability in trajectories of health in the context of family aggression—why some individuals exhibit resilience and others deteriorate—is a critical need for science and practice. The proposed study addresses these open questions and will illuminate autonomic nervous system activity and sleep regulation parameters (bioregulatory processes), as well as social context variables (socioeconomic status), which may mediate the risk of family aggression or operate to exacerbate or protect against its effects on emotional and behavioral maladjustment from childhood through early adulthood. The design builds on a well-characterized 6-wave study and involves 2 additional waves. The sample consists of youth between 8 and 18 years across the six study waves who will be ~22-23 years at the seventh wave. Strengths of the design include the large and diverse sample, high retention rates, breadth of measurement across important outcome domains, and 8 study waves, permitting analyses of long-term trajectories of mental health, substance use, and cognitive functioning. Constructs are assessed with well-validated measures and procedures. The study will advance understanding of the long-term effects of family aggression; elucidate bioregulatory processes that transmit risk or function as vulnerability or protective factors in the context of family aggression; and document young adult outcomes of family aggression in domains of public health priority, such as substance use and mental health (Healthy People 2020). The diverse community sample allows tests of research questions across a wide range of socioeconomic status. Results will help identify youth at greatest risk for negative mental and behavioral health outcomes in early adulthood and identify family and bioregulatory targets for prevention and intervention.