PIXEL ARRAY DETECTOR FOR PROTEIN CRYSTALLOGRAPHY

要求提供资金，以建立一个非常先进的像素阵列探测器， 蛋白质晶体学，使用新的碲锌镉（CZT） 由加州大学圣地亚哥分校附近的一家小公司（Aurora Technologies）开发的材料 Corp.）劳伦斯实验室开发的新型智能像素读出电路 伯克利实验室。虽然这种探测器可以在实验室中使用， 有旋转的X射线阳极，它在同步加速器光束中非常出色。当 完成后，这些探测器的阵列将具有15厘米x15厘米的尺寸 像素大小为150微摩尔× 150微摩尔。这将是一个直接的 具有瞬时读出和 吞吐量超过每秒2亿个计数。这个探测器很快 足以在180秒内收集一整套单色数据（3 分钟）。它将比CCD探测器更敏感，并将配备 电子快门时间缩短到几微秒。可用于 时间分辨劳厄衍射实验，因为它将有足够的 直方图存储器可存储多达16个连续图片。用于实验 不能重复，每张照片的曝光时间大约是 50 ms或更长，具有足够的计数统计数据，用于3%的数据集。为 在可重复的实验中，曝光时间可以短到几分钟， 毫秒该检测器的另一个特性是它可以选择 X射线光子的波长范围，因此可以非常有助于 在劳厄衍射实验中对重叠的反射进行分类。当 完成后，该探测器将很有可能用于同步加速器束流 蛋白质晶体学的基础是先进的光 来源：Berkeley Lawrence Laboratory。 由于CZT材料可以探测高能X射线（高达100 keV）， 有效地，该项目将极大地帮助先进技术的发展 用于核医学和乳房X光检查的探测器。

Funding is requested to build a very advanced Pixel Array Detector for protein crystallography, using the new Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride (CZT) material developed by a small company near UCSD (Aurora Technologies Corp.) and the new smart pixel readout circuitry developed at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. While this detector could be used in a laboratory with a rotating x-ray anode, it really excels in a synchrotron beam. When finished, an array of these detectors would have a size of 15 cm x 15 cm with pixel size of 150 micromoles x 150 micromoles. It would be a direct x-ray photon counting device with an instantaneous readout and with a throughput of over 200 million counts per second. This detector is fast enough to collect a whole set of monochromatic data in 180 seconds (3 minutes). It will be more sensitive than a CCD detector and will come with an electronic shutter time down to a few microseconds. It can be used for time-resolved Laue diffraction experiments since it will have enough histogram memory to store up to 16 successive pictures. For experiments that can't be repeated, the exposure time for each picture would be about 50 ms or longer with enough counting statistics for a 3% data set. For repeatable experiments, the exposure time can be as short as a few milliseconds. Another property of this detector is that it can select a range of wavelength of the x-ray photons, therefore can be very helpful in sorting out overlapping reflections in a Laue diffraction experiment. When finished, this detector will very probably be used at the synchrotron beam for protein crystallography that is being built on the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Berkeley Lawrence Laboratory. Since CZT material can detect high energy X-ray (up to 100 keV) very efficiently, this project will greatly help the development of advanced detectors for nuclear medicine and mammography.