DETECTION OF DRUGS IN HUMAN SWEAT

尽管在汗液中检测到了多种药物， 关于药物排泄特征的信息， 在控制剂量条件下出汗。 一系列临床研究 旨在确定同一性、浓度、时间过程、剂量 汗液中药物和代谢物排泄的依赖性和可变性 在向人施用单剂量可卡因和海洛因之后， 科目 汗液是通过一个可以被收集的汗片收集的。 一次佩戴几天到几周， 药物在贴片中的累积。 汗块被移除， 规定时间并冷冻，直至通过气相色谱/质谱法分析 光谱法 可卡因和海洛因是主要的分析物排泄， 汗后，其管理。 少量可卡因 可卡因给药后也检测到代谢物。 6- 乙酰吗啡在海洛因给药后迅速出现，并持续 增加而海洛因含量减少，表明海洛因是 在汗液中发生水解 汗水中出现了粉刺 在1-2小时内，在24小时内达到峰值，呈明显的剂量依赖性 方式 个体受试者的重复相邻贴片分析 服用可卡因的人提供了类似的定量结果 这表明受试者内变异性相对较低，而 受试者间变异性较高。 这些关于 汗液中可卡因和海洛因分析物的排泄具有重要的法医学意义。 对其他领域的影响，如头发分析。 汗液排泄 可能是药物进入毛发的重要机制。 这些数据 我还建议，汗片可以作为一个有用的监测， 监视接受治疗和缓刑的个人的装置 程序.

Although a variety of drugs have been detected in sweat, little information is available on the characteristics of drug excretion in sweat under controlled dosing conditions. A series of clinical studies were designed to determine the identity, concentration, time course, dose dependency and variability of drug and metabolite excretion in sweat following administration of single doses of cocaine and heroin to human subjects. Sweat was collected by means of a sweat patch that could be worn for a period of several days to several weeks at a time resulting in accumulation of drug in the patch. Sweat patches were removed at specified times and frozen until analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Cocaine and heroin were the major analytes excreted in sweat following their administration. Smaller amounts of cocaine metabolites were also detected following cocaine administration. 6- Acetylmorphine appeared rapidly after heroin administration and continued to increase while heroin content decreased, suggesting that heroin was undergoing hydrolysis in the sweat patch. Cocaine appeared in sweat within 1-2 hrs and peaked within 24 hrs in an apparent dose dependent manner. Analysis of duplicate adjacent patches from individual subjects who had been administered cocaine provided similar quantitative results suggesting that intra-subject variability was relatively low, whereas inter-subject variability was high. These observations regarding the excretion of cocaine and heroin analytes in sweat have important forensic implications to other fields such as hair analysis. Sweat excretion could be an important mechanism by which drugs enter hair. These data also suggest that the sweat patch could serve as a useful monitoring device in surveillance of individuals in treatment and probation programs.