AGE HYPERTENSION AND INTELLECTIVE PERFORMANCE

这个项目的目的是继续研究，使我们能够 更好地了解高血压对WAIS的影响， 神经心理学测试随着年龄的增长而增加。 继续开展我们的 正在进行的纵向研究将使我们能够：1）跟踪受试者， 测试三次，额外五年（时间4测试）; 2） 对1981 - 1984年期间首次测试的受试者进行时间3测试 补助期; 3）对最初测试的受试者进行时间2测试 在1985 - 1990年赠款期间; 4）扩大我们的学科数量 整体横截面设计。 其目的是描述随着时间的推移，认知功能的年龄相关变化， 受高血压影响的功能。 我们特别感兴趣的是 随着时间的推移和性能水平的变化，预测如下：（1） 未用药的基线收缩压和舒张压水平（ 全范围和正常或未治疗范围内）（2）作为函数 诊断类别;严重;不太严重;血压正常。 转换 通过比较不同的数学（统计）模型来分析时间 “个人改变”。"这里的问题是， 表征变化的模型同样适用于高血压和 血压正常的人和液体，速度，记忆，和结晶 智力的组成部分。 WAIS的因子分析研究进展 这表明，这四个组成部分的模型反映了之间的关系， 比传统的言语表现测试更准确 模型 四个组件的子测试组成如下：1）流体 （积木设计、图片完成、图片排列、实物组装）; 2)心理速度（数字符号）; 3）记忆或短期提取 （算术，数字跨度）;和4）结晶（信息，理解， 相似性，词汇）。 使用言语-绩效模型的分析 也将进行与现有的比较， 文学 这项研究是由一个假设的"病理生理学结构"指导的， 血管和代谢的影响被视为产生加速变化， 随着时间的推移，认知功能。 我们的数据（以及其他人的数据）表明， 高血压未服药的血压在基线是最好的 严重程度的标志。

The purpose of this project is to continue studies which are allowing us to obtain a better understanding of the effects of hypertension on WAIS and neuropsychological test measures with advancing age. Continuation of our ongoing longitudinal studies will allow us to: 1) follow subjects, already tested three times, for an additional five years (Time 4 testing); 2) perform Time 3 testing for subjects tested initially during the 1981-1984 grant period; 3) perform Time 2 testing for subjects tested initially during the 1985-1990 grant period; 4) expand the number of subjects in our overall cross-sectional design. The objective is to characterize age-related changes over time in cognitive functioning as affected by hypertension. We are particularly interested in change over time and levels of performance as predicted by: (1) unmedicated baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels (across the full range and within the normal or untreated range) (2) as a function of diagnostic category; severe; less severe; normotensive. Change over time is analyzed by comparing different mathematical (statistical) models for "individual change." The question here is whether different dynamic models for characterizing change hold equally well for hypertensive and normotensive individuals and for fluid, speed, memory, and crystallized components of intellect. Recent factor analytic studies of the WAIS indicate that this four-component model reflects the relationship among subtests more accurately than does the traditional Verbal-Performance test model. Subtest composition of the four components is as follows: 1) Fluid (Block Design, Picture Completion, Picture Arrangement, Object Assembly); 2) Psychomotor Speed (Digit Symbol); 3) Memory or Short-Term Retrieval (Arithmetic, Digit Span); and 4) Crystallized (Information, Comprehension, Similarities, Vocabulary). Analyses employing the Verbal-Performance model will also be conducted for purposes of comparability with existing literature. The study is guided by a hypothetical "pathophysiology construct" in which vascular and metabolic effects are seen as producing accelerated change in cognitive functioning over time. Our data (and the data of others) suggest that hypertension unmedicated blood pressures at baseline are the best markers of severity.