STATISTICAL METHODS FOR OPHTHALMOLOGIC AND CLUSTER DATA

描述：(申请者摘要)眼科分析 数据给数据分析师带来了独特的挑战，因为 分析单位没有很好地定义。如果以眼睛为单位 的分析，那么就必须说明同事之间的相关性 眼睛进行分析；否则就会低估p- 置信度区间的值和宽度。人们对此很感兴趣 在过去的15年里，他在解决这一问题的技术开发中 包含Gee方法的问题(Leung和Zeger，1986)和推广 线性模型(Rosner，1984)。这些方法中的大多数都与 参数统计模型，如线性或Logistic回归。 我们打算在这项提议中填补的文献中的一个空白是 将聚类效应纳入标准非参数检验。 许多类型的眼科数据不是正态分布的(例如 Humphrey视野数据)，并且需要使用非参数方法 分析。如果一个人希望用眼睛作为分析的单位，那么 在这些方法中加入聚类效应是很重要的 这考虑到了两只眼睛之间的相关性。许多 眼科医生更喜欢使用人作为分析单位(例如 在较好的眼睛中使用视觉功能)而不是眼睛。然而， Olkin和Viana(1995)证明了视觉功能的分布 在更好的眼睛中，作为特定于人的协变量的函数(例如 年龄)不是正态分布的，并为此提出了特殊的方法 分析类型。我们建议将这项工作扩展到眼睛的情况 特定协变量和同一协变量中多个协变量的情况 模特。另一个问题是一些眼科疾病(如白内障) 具有可能具有不同病因的子分类(例如 核性、皮质性、PSC性白内障)。然而，重要的公共卫生 问题是：任何类型的白内障发生的总概率是多少？ 风险因素的作用(例如，抗氧化剂的使用)。我们打算 将标准逻辑模型推广为复合逻辑模型 这就解释了可能存在的不同风险因素。 此外，在审查的生存数据方面已经做了很多工作 故障时间仅在特定访问时发生。我们打算 在区间删失数据中加入聚类效应。最终目标 我们建议的是对自然过程进行分析 12年来的视网膜色素变性。这将允许估计 长期视网膜电流图和视野的下降速度 以及提供对单个患者的估计 他们可以预期拥有的有用愿景的年数。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) The analysis of ophthalmological data pose unique challenges for the data analyst because the fundamental unit of analysis is not well defined. If the eye is used as the unit of analysis, then one must account for the correlation between fellow eyes in performing the analysis; otherwise one will underestimate p- values and widths of confidence intervals. There has been much interest in he past 15 years in the development of techniques for addressing this issue including GEE methods (Liang and Zeger, 1986) and generalized linear models (Rosner, 1984). Most of these methods are concerned with parametric statistical models such as linear or logistic regression. One gap in the literature that we intend to fill in this proposal is the incorporation of clustering effects for standard nonparametric tests. Many types of ophthalmologic data are not normally distributed (e.g. Humphrey visual field data), and require nonparametric methods for their analysis. If one wishes to use the eye as the unit of analysis, then it is important to incorporate clustering effects into these methods that take the correlation between fellow eyes into account. Many ophthalmologists prefer to use the person as the unit of analysis (e.g. using visual function in the better eye) rather than the eye. However, Olkin and Viana (1995) showed that the distribution of visual function in the better eye as a function of a person-specific covariate (e.g. age) is not normally distributed, and propose special methods for this type of analysis. We propose to extend this work to the case of eye specific covariates and the case of several covariates in the same model. Another issue is that some ophthalmic conditions (e.g. cataract) have subclassifications with possibly different etiologies (e.g. nuclear, cortical, PSC cataract). However, the important public health question is: what is the overall probability of any type of cataract as a function of risk factors (e.g., antioxidant use). We intent to generalize the standard logistic model, to be compound logistic model which accounts for the possibly differential risk factor profiles. Furthermore, there has been much work on censored survival data where the failure times occur only at specific visits. We intend to incorporate clustering effects in interval censored data. A final goal of our proposal is to perform an analysis of the natural course of retinitis pigmentosa over a 12 year period. This will allow estimation of the rates of decline of the ERG and visual field over a long period of time as well as provide estimates for an individual patient of the number of years of useful vision they can expect to have.