Completion of research monograph, The Cambridge Handbook to Latin Epigraphy

剑桥手册拉丁金石“提供了一个全面的指南，以了解生产，接收和研究拉丁铭文。它包括所有年代的古代铭文，从共和国最早的拉丁文铭文到古代晚期（包括基督教铭文），以及各种形状和大小，不仅是带有石头和青铜铭文的公共纪念碑，而且还有涂鸦，邮票和其他媒介的文字。本书从那不勒斯湾的金石样本（第一部分）开始，有双重目的-说明特定地区动态的金石文化，并提供广泛的样本铭文，在本卷的其余部分中将参考。本节的目的是介绍一系列铭文，涵盖广泛的类型和年代。展品不仅包括纪念碑上的铭文，还包括散落在石膏上的涂鸦、dipinti（彩绘铭文）和“instrumentum aceticum”（日常用品，如陶器储存和运输容器）。这些铭文将尽可能在考古学背景下呈现。金石学研究的一些危险--特别是世纪出版的《拉丁铭文大全》中铭文的错误归属--也将出现。通过仅在有限的地理区域内绘图，将有可能探索金石学实践的区域意义。其目的是对这一地区的动态金石文化进行全面分析，而不仅仅是一系列不同的金石实例。这些例子将说明第2-3部分中提出的一些方法和问题。第二部分详细探讨了罗马世界金石文化的本质。它将侧重于背后的各种类型的铭文生产的动机。它将解决诸如“什么是金石学？并指出传统碑刻分类（如墓志铭、敬语）过于简单化的危险。它还将详细考虑当地的金石时尚，研究为什么，什么时候，在哪里，社会的一些部分比其他人更拥抱“金石习惯”。它将讨论基督教在多大程度上将新的时尚引入金石学实践的问题。最后一节“铭文的制作”将研究铭文的制作机制。委员会将审议以下问题。纪念碑铭文是如何委托的？最终产品在多大程度上是客户选择的结果？铭文的成本如何影响其材料和质量？是谁控制了铭文的文字和它的物理纪念碑设置？什么因素影响了语言的选择（研究双语和语码转换、双语和在希腊东部使用拉丁语）？这些将被设置在当地金石学的存在和拉丁语在西方的传播（例如，意大利语的消失和新迦太基语的生存）的背景下。铭文在哪里？对公共空间和设置铭文的权利施加了什么样的控制？文本和语境是如何相互作用的（在单个纪念碑的层面上，通过其视觉双关语以及文本和图像的互补或对比信息，以及在纪念碑的有意义的并列中，作为社会竞争和地位要求的一部分）？最后，第3部分提供了实际的帮助，以处理他们的出版形式和他们在现实中存在的铭文。简而言之，这本手册旨在鼓励人们更深入地使用铭文作为理解罗马世界社会和文化的一种手段，而不仅仅是将铭文文本作为可用于重建古代历史的简单文献进行讨论。

The Cambridge Handbook to Latin Epigraphy' offers a comprehensive guide to understanding the production, reception, and study of Latin inscriptions. It embraces ancient inscriptions of all chronological periods, from the earliest Latin inscriptions of the Republic to Late Antiquity (including Christian epigraphy), and of all shapes and sizes, not just public monuments bearing stone and bronze inscriptions, but also graffiti, stamps, and writing in other media. The book starts with an epigraphic sample (Part 1), drawn from the Bay of Naples, with a dual purpose - to illustrate the dynamic epigraphic culture of a particular region and to provide a wide range of sample inscriptions to which reference will be made in the rest of the volume. The aim of this section is to present a selection of inscriptions, covering a broad range of types and chronology. The selection will include not only monumental inscriptions, but also graffiti scatched upon plaster, dipinti (painted inscriptions), and 'instrumentum domesticum' (everyday objects such as pottery storage and transport vessels). The inscriptions will be presented in their archaeological context as much as possible. Some of the hazards of epigraphic scholarship - notably the misattribution of inscriptions in volumes of Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum published in the 19th century - will also emerge. By drawing on only a limited geographical area, it will be possible to explore the regional significance of epigraphic practice. The aim will be to present an overall analysis of the dynamic epigraphic culture in this area rather than simply a series of disparate epigraphic examples. The examples will illustrate some of the approaches and problems presented in Parts 2-3. Part 2 provides a detailed exploration of the nature of epigraphic culture in the Roman world. It will focus on the motivations behind the production of inscriptions of all types. It will tackle fundamental questions such as 'what is epigraphy?', and will point out the dangers of over-simplification inherent in dividing inscriptions up into traditional categories (such as epitaphs, or honorific inscriptions). It will also consider in detail local epigraphic fashions, examining why, when, and where some sections of society embraced 'the epigraphic habit' more than others. It will address the issue of the extent to which Christianity introduced new fashions into epigraphic practice. A final section 'The Production of Inscriptions' will examine the mechanisms by which inscriptions were created. It will consider the following. How were monumental inscriptions commissioned? To what extent was the final product the result of customer choice? How did the cost of an inscription have an impact on its material and quality? Who controlled the words of the inscribed text and its physical monumental setting? What factors influenced language-choice (looking at bilingualism and code-switching, diglossia, and the use of Latin in the Greek East)? These will be set against the background of the existence of local epigraphies and the spread of Latin in the West (e.g. the disappearance of Italic languages and survival of neo-Punic). Where did inscriptions stand? What sort of control was exerted over public space and the right to set up inscriptions? How did text and context interact (both on the level of the individual monument, with its visual puns and complementary or contrasting messages of text and image, and in the meaningful juxtaposition of monuments, as part of social competition and claims to status)? Lastly, Part 3 provides practical help with dealing with inscriptions in their published form and as they exist in reality. In short, the handbook aims to encourage a more thoughtful use of inscriptions as a means of understanding society and culture in the Roman world, going beyond discussion of inscribed texts as simple documents that can be used to reconstruct ancient history.