Evaluation in translation: Critical points in translator decision-making

在一个全球媒体和即时通信的世界里，翻译和口译作为一个敏感的渠道，通过它，新的文本和思想进入目标文化，研究这些思想是如何处理、评估和调解的至关重要。在文本中，译者或口译员的决定可能对目标受众的解释和接受产生真正影响的“关键点”在哪里？影响这些决定的因素是什么？在过去的十年里，“权力”和“意识形态”的问题一直困扰着翻译理论家，而在这些问题上，译者或口译员的主体性的确切标志有时被微妙地识别出来，本项目旨在通过超越这些问题来调查这一点。相反，这个项目将详细研究作者、译者和读者之间动态协商和交流意义的方式。它采用了应用语言学的语言分析新工具（特别是评价和评价理论），为这种谈判的各种语言表达提供了更系统、全面和可复制的分析的可能性。因此，本项目的重点是识别和模拟翻译人员如何评估文本中的论点的过程，以及表明这种评估的语言信号和正在运行的潜在主观价值系统。除了对翻译过程提供更深入的了解外，研究结果还将对翻译培训和处理敏感文本的专业翻译具有重要的应用价值。

In a world of global media and instant communication where translation and interpreting function as a sensitive channel through which new texts and ideas enter a target culture, it is crucial to investigate how such ideas are processed, evaluated and mediated. Where are those 'critical points' in a text where the translator or interpreter's decision may make a real difference to the interpretation and reception by the target audience? What are the factors that affect these decisions? This project sets out to investigating this by going beyond general questions of 'power' and 'ideology' that have occupied translation theorists for the past decade and where the exact the signs of the translator or interpreter's subjectivity are sometimes tenuously identified. This project will instead investigate in detail the ways in which meaning is dynamically negotiated and communicated between writer, translator and reader. It employs new tools of linguistic analysis from applied linguistics (notably evaluation and appraisal theory) that offer the possibility of a more systematic, comprehensive and replicable analysis of the various linguistic expressions of this negotiation. The focus of this project is therefore on identifying and modelling the process of how translators evaluate arguments in a text, on the linguistic signals that indicate this evaluation and on the potentially subjective value systems that are in operation. As well as giving greater insights into the translation process, the findings will have important applications for translator training and for professional translators working with sensitive texts.