Communicating with the Occupied and Exiled: The BBC and Czech-Language Broadcasts, 1940-1945

这次合作的机会出现在捷克广播电台（BBC的捷克广播电台）联系布里斯托尔大学（University of Bristol），寻求有关1940年至1945年间在伦敦制作的一套独特的、以前未被探索过的、未编目的BBC捷克语广播节目的建议之后。调查表明，英国学术界需要持续的参与来理解这些藏品，以及这些藏品对英国观众的意义。收藏了700张留声机唱片，包括总统贝内斯和外交部长扬·马萨里克的新录音，以及捷克皇家空军飞行员及其家属的许多信息，包括机场广播和采访。这些录音是由独立的捷克语服务“自由共和国之声”（VFR）制作的，该服务由流亡政府与英国广播公司捷克语服务一起建立，以对抗德国广播的主张，并提高国内的士气。然而，由于VFR不符合BBC的客观标准，两家机构之间的关系令人担忧，并且最初对慕尼黑协议和被占领的捷克斯洛伐克的忠诚有不同的看法。这些资料自1945年以来一直保存在捷克（斯洛伐克）外交部，在共产主义时期（1948-1989年）无法进行调查，当时有关“以西方为基础的抵抗”德国占领的信息被压制，因此在战争期间没有关于BBC捷克语广播的权威报道存在。因此，这个项目将揭示一个全新的维度，这个主题仍然吸引着捷克人，并定义了英捷关系。该项目聚焦于英国广播公司历史上一个关键的不成文章节，在与捷克斯洛伐克流亡政府关系的背景下，探索其在战争期间的工作实践和政治角色，并提供与该时期其他例子进行比较的案例研究。它将检视BBC与VFR之间的关系，以及两者截然不同的议程，阐明编辑与技术流程，包括审查制度，并揭露参与广播的捷克主要政治与文化人物的活动与观点。该学生将在捷克广播档案馆工作一年左右，由经验丰富的档案管理员、广播员和技术人员监督，并将为未来的研究人员和节目制作人创建一个可搜索的电子在线收藏目录。该项目将使世界各地从事媒体史、宣传、BBC和英国广播史、英国-捷克关系、英国与流亡政府和被占领国家的关系以及20世纪捷克和中欧历史和政治研究的历史学家受益。学生将能够在这些学术领域或广播档案工作、节目制作或广播中从事职业。在这个项目中，除了学术报告和出版之外，学生还将为捷克广播电台的英语频道制作一个节目，并就这项研究进行一次有插图的公开演讲。按照现有的模式，捷克广播电台还将考虑在研究的基础上出版一本双语的流行历史专著光盘。编目后的收藏将支持关于第二次世界大战期间捷克人活动的进一步节目编制，同时提供该时期重要声音的录音和以前无法获得的声音效果，以便在其他情况下使用。布里斯托尔大学的捷克广播和现代语言学院将与英国广播公司和大英图书馆声音档案馆建立新的关系，以期交换档案资源，创建联合研究和广播项目，并旨在与其他欧洲国家在未来的伙伴关系中复制合作模式

The opportunity for this collaboration arose after Czech Radio, the Czech counterpart to BBC Radio, contacted the University of Bristol for advice about a unique, previously unexplored, uncatalogued collection of BBC Czech-language broadcasts made in London between 1940 and 1945. The enquiry indicated both the need for sustained British academic involvement to make sense of the collection and the significance to a British audience of what the collection could show.The collection of 700 gramophone records features new recordings of President Benes and Foreign Minister Jan Masaryk and much about Czech RAF pilots and their families, including broadcasts from airfields and interviews. The recordings were created by an independent Czech-language service, the Voice of the Free Republic (VFR), established by the government-in-exile alongside the BBC Czech Service to counter the claims of German broadcasts and raise morale at home. The two services, however, had a fraught relationship because the VFR did not conform to BBC standards of objectivity, and initially had different views about the Munich agreement and the loyalty of occupied Czechoslovakia. The collection, stored in the Czech(oslovak) Foreign Ministry since 1945, was unavailable for investigation during the Communist period (1948-1989), when information about 'Western-based resistance' to the German occupation was suppressed, and therefore no authoritative account of BBC Czech-language broadcasting during the war exists. This project will therefore uncover a whole new dimension of a subject that still fascinates Czechs and defines British-Czech relations.The project focuses on a key unwritten chapter in the history of the BBC, exploring its working practices and political role during the war in the context of its relationship with the Czechoslovak exile government and providing a case study for comparison with other examples from the period. It will examine the relationship between the BBC and the VFR and their contrasting agendas, shed light on editorial and technical processes, including censorship, and reveal new information about the activities and opinions of major Czech political and cultural figures who contributed to the broadcast. The student will spend about a year in total working at the Czech Radio archive, supervised by experienced archivists, broadcasters and technicians, and will create a searchable, electronic on-line catalogue of the collection for future researchers and programme-makers.The project will benefit historians working throughout the world on media history, propaganda, the BBC and British broadcasting history, British-Czech relations and British relations with exile governments and occupied countries, and twentieth-century Czech and Central European history and politics. The student will be able to pursue a career based either in any of these academic areas or in radio archive work, programme-making or broadcasting. During the project, alongside academic presentations and publication, the student will make a programme for Czech Radio's English-language strand and give an illustrated public lecture about the research. Following an existing model, Czech Radio will also consider publishing a bilingual, popular-historical monograph with CD based on the research. The catalogued collection will support further programming about the activities of Czechs during the Second World War, while providing access to recordings of important voices from the period and previously unavailable sound effects for use in other contexts. Czech Radio and Modern Languages at Bristol University will establish new relationships with the BBC and the British Library Sound Archive, with a view to exchanging archival resources and creating joint research and broadcasting projects, and aim to replicate the model of collaboration in future partnerships with other Europ