U.S. RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN FAMILY STRUCTURE

这项研究将有助于填补我们对历史知识的一个重大空白 黑人和白人家庭/家庭的差异。该项目将 从1)公共使用抽样表中分析关联家庭记录 1910年美国人口普查手稿记录和 来自同一来源的南方黑人的补充样本。不是 在1940年前，对家庭/家庭结构的全国性研究 和这些数据允许详细描述个人和 家庭的居住安排。拟议的工作将提供以下估计 种族差异：1)核心家庭的比例， 扩大和扩大2)女性户主家庭的流行率和 3)儿童的居住状况，特别是 儿童显然没有与母亲生活在一起或生活在女性头上 家人。将检查这些措施中的黑/白差异 跨地区、州和城乡居民住宅，按特征 丈夫或妻子的(如年龄、识字率和就业状况)和 职业隔离、种族密度和性别的一系列衡量标准 比率。这些表格和其他表格将用于测试 关于种族差异的原因的假说 家庭/家庭结构。最普遍的是，种族差异能否 是因为较高的死亡率和/或较低的社会经济 黑人的地位？是否存在以低性别为特征的社会环境 影响家庭/家庭的比率和/或种族集中度 结构？

This research will help fill a major gap in our knowledge of historical differences in black and white families/household. the project will analyze linked household records from 1) a Public Use Sample drawn form manuscript records of the 1910 U.S. Census of Population and 2) a supplementary sample of southern blacks drawn from the same source. No pre-1940 national study of family/household structure has been undertaken and these data allow detailed description of individuals' and families' living arrangements. Proposed work will provide estimates of racial differences in 1) the proportion of households that are nuclear, extended and augmented 2) the prevalence of female headed households and 3) the residential statuses of children, especially the proportion of children apparently not living with mothers or living in female headed families. Black/white differences in theses measures will be examined across regions, states and rural-urban residence, by characteristics of husbands' or wives' (such as age, literacy and employment status) and by serial measures of occupational segregation, racial density, and sex ratios. These and additional tabulations will be used to test hypotheses regarding the causes of racial differences in family/household structure. Most generally, can the racial difference be accounted for by the higher mortality and/or the lower socioeconomic position of blacks? Are there social contexts characterized by low sex ratios and/or racial concentration that affect family/household structure?