MRI OF THE CENTRAL CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

中央汽车的磁共振(MR)成像能力- 心血管系统(即心脏、大动脉和大静脉、小血管 胸部的网络)近年来已经从最初的一种 心腔壁的解剖学定义 大血管生理和血流动力学参数的评价 使用动态成像和血液信号增强(“明亮的血液”) 序列。正常人和正常人中枢心血管系统的评价 然而，使用磁共振成像的疾病状态仍然有限，因为 心内/血管内不同部位血流信号不均匀 动态显示血池，显示复杂的困难 胸腔内大血管系统的分支模式，以及 目前无法提供分辨率、复杂的显示和运动 成像小船只网络所需的补偿，例如 冠状动脉系统。我们在这项拟议的研究中的主要目标是 通过技术开发和技术开发克服这些限制 申请。 计划中的技术开发涉及以下工作 方面：(1)减少相位误差；(2)减少流动伪影； (3)减少周期性运动伪影；(4)改善图像质量 分辨率和对比度。高分辨率、高信噪比磁共振成像 在生理性存在的情况下，寻求心脏和呼吸运动。 这些技术的应用涉及以下几个方面：(5) 心内血池动态显示；(6)心内血池静态显示 主要胸主动脉系统；(7)小血管网络的显示 胸腔内的，尤指冠状动脉及其分支。这 该项目的临床方面将主要关注 评估我们的技术产生类似于 相应的血管造影“黄金标准”。这一方面将是 主要使用志愿者对照和患者进行追踪。其结果是 这种努力将是利用对存在或的成像来改进检测 没有大量的中枢性心血管疾病， 改进了对该病的解剖和功能方面的描述。

The capabilities of Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging of the central car- diovascular system (i.e., heart, great arteries and veins, small vessel networks in the thorax) have been advanced in recent years from primarily a definition of the anatomy of the walls of the cardiac chambers and the large vessels to the evaluation of physiologic and hemodynamic parameters using dynamic imaging and blood-signal-enhancing ("bright blood") sequences. Evaluation of the central cardiovascular system in normal and diseased states using MR imaging, however, remains limited due to nonuniformity of the blood signal in the various intracardiac/intravascular blood pools on dynamic display, difficulties with displaying the complex branching patterns of the large vasculature systems in the thorax, and present inability to provide the resolution, complex display, and motion compensation required for imaging small vessel networks, such as the coronary artery system. Our primary goal in this proposed research is to overcome these limitations by means of technical development and application. Technical development which is planned involves work in the following areas: (1) reduction of phase errors; (2) reduction of in-flow artifact; (3) reduction of periodic motion artifact; and (4) improvement of image resolution and contrast. High resolution, high signal-to-noise MR imaging in the presence of physiologic cardiac and respiratory motion is sought. The application of these techniques is concerned with the following: (5) dynamic display of intracardiac blood pools; (6) static display of the major thoracic arterial systems; and (7) display of small vessel networks in the thorax, especially the coronary arteries and their branches. This clinical aspect of the project will be concerned primarily with the assessment of the capability of our techniques to produce images resembling the corresponding angiographic "gold standards". This aspect will be pursued primarily using volunteer controls and patients. The outcome of this effort would be the improved detection with imaging of the presence or absence of a large range of central cardiovascular diseases, and the improved description of the anatomic and functional aspects of the disease.