SOCIAL SUPPORT, INTERPERSONAL BEHAVIOR & CV REACTIVITY

越来越多的证据表明，一个人的社交网络 可能是健康和幸福的重要决定因素--例如， 与世隔绝的人似乎在各种原因下都面临更大的风险 过早死亡率，包括心血管疾病死亡率。 初步证据表明心血管反应过度 心理挑战是冠状动脉的潜在危险因素 疾病和高血压，以及人类和动物研究表明 过度的反应可能有一些重要的心理社会关联。 拟议项目的总体目标是进一步调查 社会支持对心血管挑战反应性的影响 从而促进了我们对一种可能的机制的理解 社会关系可能会改变心血管健康。一位模特 强调人际关系的两个基本维度 功能--支配与顺从(这里称为“评价”) 以及从属关系与敌意(这里称为“从属关系”)。前两个 研究旨在调查附属词中的变化是如何 而与伴侣的人际互动的评估维度可以 改变伴侣对受试者心血管疾病的影响 对实验室挑战的反应能力。第二组两项研究 旨在调查合作伙伴在场的机制 可能改变心血管反应性，探索中和作用 社会隶属关系对绩效激励效应的影响 社会威胁，以及相关的心血管反应减少。这个 第三组两项研究旨在检验以下各项的概括性 社会支持对反应性的影响，探讨社会支持对反应的影响 这些影响在男性和女性中，在有冠状动脉倾向的个人中 行为，并在主要关系的背景下。一起， 这三项研究将增进我们对其中之一的理解 社会过程可能改变心血管疾病的机制 风险。

A growing body of evidence suggests that an individual's social network may be an important determinant of health and well-being -- for example, socially isolated individuals appear to be at greater risk for all causes of premature mortality, including mortality from cardiovascular disease. Preliminary evidence implicates excessive cardiovascular reactivity to psychological challenge as a potential risk factor for coronary artery disease and hypertension, and human and animal studies suggest that excessive reactivity may have some important psychosocial correlates. The overall objective of the proposed project is to further investigate the effects of social support on cardiovascular responsivity to challenge in humans, thereby advancing our understanding of one plausible mechanism by which social relationships might alter cardiovascular health. A model is employed which emphasizes two fundamental dimensions of interpersonal functioning -- dominance vs. submissiveness (here called "evaluation") and affiliation vs. hostility (here called "affilation"). The first two studies are designed to investigate how alterations in the affiliative and evaluative dimensions of interpersonal interaction with a partner can alter the partner's influence on a subject's cardiovascular responsiveness to a laboratory challenge. The second set of two studies is designed to investigate the mechanisms by which a partner's presence may alter cardiovascular reactivity, exploring the neutralizing impact of social affiliation on the performance incentive effects associated with social threat, and associated reductions in cardiovascular response. The third set of two studies is designed to examine the generalizability of the effects of social support on reactivity, exploring the influence of these effects in males and females, in individuals with coronary-prone behavior, and within the context of a primary relationship. Together, these three studies will advance our understanding of one of the mechanisms by which social processes may alter cardiovascular disease risk.