PSYCHOSOCIAL EFFECTS OF VARIATONS IN FACIAL MATURITY

拟议研究的长期目标是确定 基于外表的社会认知的起源和后果。一个 一个人的外表对社会期望和社会影响很大 互动。虽然这通常是自适应的，但当我们正确地利用 与年龄相关的外表信息，它也可能导致刻板印象， 就像我们认为娃娃脸的成年人软弱、顺从和天真一样。 这种刻板印象可能会产生社会歧视和自我 实现预言--即，预期确认行为--与 对一个人的自尊的有害影响。建议的研究测试 一种行为发展模型，在该模型中，个性是 一个人的遗传型气质和社会经历 部分取决于这个人的外貌。重点放在外观上 面部成熟的质量，尽管面部有吸引力和身体 文中还考虑了其特点。为了实现这一目标的具体目标 研究，将采用终身发展的方法，利用 来自人类发展研究所档案的纵向数据 (IHD)在加州大学伯克利分校。该数据集包括 个人从幼年到成年的照片，如 以及不同的个性，人体测量，智力和人口统计 措施。这项研究有四个具体目标。其中一个目标是确定 娃娃脸在整个生命周期中的稳定性。第二个目标是 确定面部成熟度是否是特征的准确指示器--即， 娃娃脸的刻板印象有没有一丝真实性？第三个目标是 确定面部成熟度是否会影响教育和职业 造诣。最终目标是确定面部成熟度对 贯穿整个生命周期的个性。娃娃脸是不是对 某些特征的发展？人格的连续性会受到影响吗？ 通过娃娃脸的连续性程度？对这一问题的理解 基于外表的社会观念的起源和表现 研究将提供旨在促进 适当利用外观中提供的信息，并 减少其不适应的用途。

The long range objective of the proposed research is to identify both the origins and consequences of appearance-based social perceptions. A person's appearance has a strong impact on social expectations and social interactions. While this is often adaptive, as when we correctly utilize age-related appearance information, it can also contribute to stereotyping, as when we perceive babyfaced adults to be weak, submissive, and naive. Such stereotyped perceptions may yield social discrimination and self- fulfilling prophecies--i.e., expectancy confirming behaviors - with deleterious effects on a person's self-esteem. The proposed research tests a model of behavioral development in which personality is a function of a person's genotypic temperament and social experiences that are shaped in part by the person's physical appearance. The focus is on the appearance quality of facial maturity although facial attractiveness and body characteristics are also considered. To achieve the specific aims of this research, a life span developmental approach will be employed utilizing longitudinal data from the archives of the Institute of Human Development (IHD) at the University of California, Berkeley. This data set includes photographs of individuals from early childhood through older adulthood, as well as various personality, anthropometric, intellectual, and demographic measures. The research has four specific aims. One aim is to determine the stability of a babyface across the lifespan. A second aim is to determine whether facial maturity is an accurate indictor of traits - i.e., is there a kernel of truth to the babyface stereotypes? A third aim is to determine whether facial maturity affects educational and occupational attainments. A final aim is to determine the impact of facial maturity on personality across the lifespan. Does a babyface contribute to the development of certain traits? Is the continuity of personality impacted by the degree of continuity in babyfacedness? The understanding of the origins and manifestations of appearance-based social perceptions that this research will provide can inform interventions designed to foster appropriate utilization of the information given in appearance and to diminish its maladaptive uses.