NEUROLOGY OF MEMORY

这是我们为1983年开始的一个项目进行的第二次竞争性续展。 最近一次筹资期间(1987年至今)的工作取得了成果 在27个出版物中列出了建立动物的步骤 猕猴健忘症模型及其在解剖学鉴定中的应用 内侧颞叶记忆系统的组成部分。这些事态发展 现在让我们来解决一个关于记忆功能的基本问题， 也就是说，这个系统的各个结构如何对记忆做出贡献。 本提案涉及详细的行为和解剖学分析。 一组正常的猴子和七组手术后的猴子 包括内侧颞叶部分受损的患者 内存系统和区域TE。两个长期存在的主要问题将是 地址： (1)短时记忆。尽管它在理论上很重要，但它的 在人类健忘症中，短期记忆很少被评估 猴子或其他动物。我们将确定内侧的损伤是否 颞叶保留了短期记忆。该组件的一个关键方面 该项目的目的是询问测试的性能模式是否 损伤后的短期记忆，累及周围和 副海马皮层更接近于与 海马区病变或与TE病变相关的模式。(2) 内侧颞叶功能的专门化。我们会 确定内侧颞叶记忆系统的组件是否 有特殊的记忆功能，通过确定这些病变 结构导致在以下两个领域中的任何一个领域出现不成比例的赤字 与再认记忆相关的记忆：目标-奖赏联想 空间记忆。我们还将参考 内侧颞叶，被预测在没有记忆的情况下影响记忆 影响视觉处理，对损害的影响，在一个地区 我们预计会发现视觉处理缺陷。因此，我们还将 确定TE区对这些病变区域的影响。这部作品 关于灵长类颞部神经解剖学的新事实是有利的 对特定的影响做出不同预测的叶 损害视觉和空间记忆任务的表现。此外，我们 将比较受限制的海马体和杏仁体的影响 病变对较大病变的影响包括邻近皮质。 一项研究发现，海马区损伤会影响空间记忆 更大的损伤程度表明海马体有一个 在空间记忆中的特殊作用。

This is our second competing continuation for a project begun in 1983. Work during the most recent funding period (1987-present) has resulted in 27 publications that lay out the steps that have established an animal model of amnesia in the monkey and in identifying the anatomical components of the medial temporal lobe memory system. These developments allow us to now address a fundamental issue concerning memory function, that is, how individual structures of this system contribute to memory. The present proposal involves detailed behavioral and anatomic analyses of a group of normal monkeys and seven operated groups of monkeys including those with damage to components of the medial temporal lobe memory system and to area TE. Two major long-standing issues will be addressed: (1) Short-term Memory. Despite its theoretical importance, and its sparing in human amnesia, short-term memory has rarely been assessed in monkeys or other animals. We will determine whether damage to the medial temporal lobe spares short-term memory. A key aspect of this component of the project is to ask whether the pattern of performance on tests of short-term memory following lesions that involve the perirhinal and parahippocampal cortex resembles more closely the pattern associated with lesions of the hippocampus or the pattern associated with TE lesions. (2) Specialization of Function Within the Medial Temporal Lobe. We will determine if the components of the medial temporal lobe memory system have specialized memory functions by determining if lesions of these structures result in disproportionate deficits in any of two domains of memory relative to recognition memory: objective-reward association and spatial memory. We will also reference the effects of lesions in the medial temporal lobe, which are predicted to affect memory without affecting visual processing, to the effects of damage in an area where we expect to find a visual processing deficit. Thus, we will also determine the effect on these domains of lesions to area TE. This work is advantaged by new facts about the neuroanatomy of the primate temporal lobe that make differential predictions about the effects of specific lesions on visual and spatial memory task performance. In addition, we will compare the effects of circumscribed hippocampal and amygdala lesions to the effects of larger lesions that include adjacent cortex. A finding that hippocampal damage effects spatial memory to the same degree as do larger lesions would suggest that the hippocampus has a special role in spatial memory.