AGE HYPERTENSION AND INTELLECTIVE PERFORMANCE

这个项目的目的是继续研究，使我们能够 更好地了解高血压对WAIS和 神经心理测验随着年龄的增长而测量。延续我们的 正在进行的纵向研究将使我们能够：1)已经跟踪研究对象 测试三次，为期五年(时间4测试)；2) 对1981-1984年间首次测试的受试者进行Time 3测试 授权期；3)对初步测试的受试者执行时间2测试 在1985-1990年的授权期内；4)扩大我们的 整体横断面设计。 目的是描述随着时间推移认知能力与年龄相关的变化。 受高血压影响的起作用的我们特别感兴趣的是 根据以下预测，随着时间和性能水平的变化而变化：(1) 非药物基线收缩压和舒张压水平(跨 全范围和在正常或未处理范围内)(2)作为函数 属于诊断类别的；严重的；不严重的；血压正常的。换装 通过比较不同的数学(统计)模型来分析时间 代表“个人改变”。这里的问题是，不同的动态 表征变化的模型同样适用于高血压和 血压正常的个体，对液体、速度、记忆力和结晶 智力的组成部分。WAIS的最新因子分析研究 表明这一四组分模型反映了 子测试比传统的语言能力测试更准确 模特。四组分的亚测组成如下：1)流体 (积木设计、拼图、排图、物体拼装)； 2)精神运动速度(数字符号)；3)记忆或短期提取 (算术，数字跨度)；和4)具体化(信息，理解， 相似性、词汇)。运用言语行为模型的分析 也是为了与现有的 文学。 这项研究是由一种假想的“病理生理学结构”指导的，其中 血管和新陈代谢的影响被认为会加速 认知功能随着时间的推移而变化。我们的数据(和其他人的数据)表明 基线水平的高血压非药物血压是最好的 严重程度的标志。

The purpose of this project is to continue studies which are allowing us to obtain a better understanding of the effects of hypertension on WAIS and neuropsychological test measures with advancing age. Continuation of our ongoing longitudinal studies will allow us to: 1) follow subjects, already tested three times, for an additional five years (Time 4 testing); 2) perform Time 3 testing for subjects tested initially during the 1981-1984 grant period; 3) perform Time 2 testing for subjects tested initially during the 1985-1990 grant period; 4) expand the number of subjects in our overall cross-sectional design. The objective is to characterize age-related changes over time in cognitive functioning as affected by hypertension. We are particularly interested in change over time and levels of performance as predicted by: (1) unmedicated baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels (across the full range and within the normal or untreated range) (2) as a function of diagnostic category; severe; less severe; normotensive. Change over time is analyzed by comparing different mathematical (statistical) models for "individual change." The question here is whether different dynamic models for characterizing change hold equally well for hypertensive and normotensive individuals and for fluid, speed, memory, and crystallized components of intellect. Recent factor analytic studies of the WAIS indicate that this four-component model reflects the relationship among subtests more accurately than does the traditional Verbal-Performance test model. Subtest composition of the four components is as follows: 1) Fluid (Block Design, Picture Completion, Picture Arrangement, Object Assembly); 2) Psychomotor Speed (Digit Symbol); 3) Memory or Short-Term Retrieval (Arithmetic, Digit Span); and 4) Crystallized (Information, Comprehension, Similarities, Vocabulary). Analyses employing the Verbal-Performance model will also be conducted for purposes of comparability with existing literature. The study is guided by a hypothetical "pathophysiology construct" in which vascular and metabolic effects are seen as producing accelerated change in cognitive functioning over time. Our data (and the data of others) suggest that hypertension unmedicated blood pressures at baseline are the best markers of severity.