INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM ON CHEMICAL SAFETY

国际化学品安全方案(IPCS)成立于1978年 继续作为三个联合国机构的合作项目运作 机构：世界卫生组织(世卫组织)、联合国 环境规划署(环境署)和国际劳工组织 (劳工组织)。粮食及农业组织(粮农组织)与世卫组织合作 食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)和联合 农药残留会议(JMPR)。他继续管理IPCS。这个 IPCS的目标是帮助成员国制定基于科学的 化学品安全计划。IPCS的目标是：(1)评价 科学地在国际上分发化学品对 人类健康和环境，(2)制定暴露准则 食品、水和一般环境中的化学品限量，(3)至 开发可在国际上生产的方法和方法 评估化学品风险的可比结果，(4)协调 实验室检测、流行病学和临床研究 国际方法是适当的，并促进剂量反应的研究 化学物质生物学作用的关系和机理，(5)发展 应对化学事故的诀窍和促进有效的 这一领域的国际合作，(6)促进培训和 发展化学品安全方面的人力；及(7)推动 成员国之间在控制有毒化学品方面的技术合作。 在接下来的3年里，利用国家 各机构，并与IRPTC(环境署)和IARC(世卫组织)合作，IPCS 将完成对大约35-40种新化学品的风险评估 对人类和环境的影响，并更新了此前发表的6份文件。 JECFA和JMPR将对大约150种化学品进行评估。 关于大约300种化学品的国际化学品安全数据表将是 分布式的。将继续制定风险评估的方法 和编写的专著：化学品对衰老过程的影响；影响 化学品对老年人的影响；综合健康风险评估； 确定化学物质在某些疾病发病机制中作用的途径 营养不良和非传染性疾病与化学品的毒性 营养不良的人口。植物效用的协作性研究 将启动和研究检测哺乳动物基因毒素的系统 在实验室神经毒性和免疫毒性测试的基础上开发。 IPCS/IRRU和IRPTC将完成开发和维护计算机化 正在接受慢性毒理学影响测试的化学品登记册 而不是突变和癌症。

The International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) initiated in 1978 continues to function as a cooperative venture of three United Nations Agencies: The World Health Organization (WHO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the International Labour Organization (ILO). The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) collaborates with WHO in the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR). WHO continues to manage IPCS. The goal of IPCS is to assist Member States develop scientifically based chemical safety programmes. IPCS objectives are: (1) to evaluate scientifically for international distribution the effects of chemicals on human health and the environment, (2) to develop guidelines on exposure limits for chemicals in food, water and the general environment, (3) to develop methods and methodology that could produce internationally comparable results in assessing the risks from chemicals, (4) to coordinate laboratory testing and epidemiological and clinical studies when an international approach is appropriate and promote research on dose-response relations and mechanism of biological action of chemicals, (5) to develop know-how for coping with chemical accidents and promote effective international cooperation in this field, (6) to promote training and development of manpower in the field of chemical safety and (7) to promote technical cooperation between Member States on control of toxic chemicals. Over the next 3 years, utilizing staff and resources of national institutions, and in collaboration with IRPTC (UNEP) and IARC (WHO), IPCS will complete the evaluation of approximately 35-40 new chemicals for risks to human and the environment and update 6 previously published documents. Approximately 150 chemicals will be evaluated by JECFA and JMPR. International chemical safety data sheets on about 300 chemicals will be distributed. Development of methodology for risk assessment will continue and monographs prepared on: effects of chemicals on aging process; effects of chemicals on aged populations; integrated health risk assessments; approaches to establish role of chemicals in etiopathiogenesis of certain non-communicable diseases and toxicity of chemicals in malnourished and undernourished populations. A collaborative study on the utility of plant systems to detect mammalian genotoxins will be initiated and studies developed on laboratory tests for neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity. IPCS/IRRU and IRPTC will complete development and maintain computerized registry of chemicals being tested for chronic toxicological effects other than mutations and cancer.