TRACK: Transport Risk Assessment for COVID Knowledge

公共交通（PT）的使用人数目前远低于正常水平，但随着重新启动的进展，使用交通系统的人数将会增加。由于与感染者和受污染表面的接触和互动增加，这可能会增加COVID-19感染。TRACK将开发一种新的风险模型，可以在不同的运输车辆和操作场景中通过三种传播机制（飞沫、气溶胶、表面接触）模拟感染风险。我们的跨学科团队将收集有关公共汽车，地铁和火车（利兹，纽卡斯尔，伦敦）的新数据。我们将收集空气和地表样本，测量SARS-Cov-2的流行情况，以及其他人类生物标志物，作为病原体的替代指标。我们将通过调查和被动数据收集来描述用户和工作人员的旅行行为和人口特征，以便将PT使用与地理和人口亚组疾病流行率联系起来。通过分析运输运营商闭路电视数据，量化人们的接近程度及其表面接触，将能够模拟运输系统中的微观行为。物理和计算模型将用于评估传染性飞沫和气溶胶在不同环境感染控制策略下的扩散。将结合数据来源，制定SARS-CoV-2暴露的概率分布，并通过定量微生物风险评估（QMRA）框架模拟传播风险。TRACK将与运输部（DfT）和运输利益相关者密切合作，提供微生物和用户数据、有针对性的指导和风险规划工具，这些工具将直接能够更好地评估使用地面PT网络的乘客和工作人员的感染风险，并帮助政策团队设计有效的干预措施，以减轻传播

Public Transport (PT) patronage is currently well below the norm, but as restart progresses the number of people using transport systems will increase. This could increase COVID-19 infection due to increased proximity and interaction with infected persons and contaminated surfaces. TRACK will develop a novel risk model that can simulate infection risk through three transmission mechanisms (droplet, aerosol, surface contact) within different transport vehicles and operating scenarios. Our interdisciplinary team will collect new data concerning buses, metro and trains (Leeds, Newcastle, London). We will collect air and surface samples to measure SARS-Cov-2 prevalence together with other human biomarkers as a proxy measure for pathogens. We will characterise user and staff travel behaviour and demographics through surveys and passive data collection to relate PT use to geographic and population sub-group disease prevalence. Quantifying proximity of people and their surface contacts through analysis of transport operator CCTV data will enable simulation of micro-behaviour in the transport system. Physical and computational models will be used to evaluate dispersion of infectious droplets and aerosols with different environmental infection control strategies. Data sources will be combined to develop probability distributions for SARS-CoV-2 exposure and simulate transmission risk through a Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) framework. Working closely with Department for Transport (DfT) and transport stakeholders, TRACK will provide microbial and user data, targeted guidance and risk planning tools that will directly enable better assessment of infection risks for passengers and staff using surface PT networks, and help policy teams design effective interventions to mitigate transmission