INDICES FOR MONITORING GENOME MAPPING PROGRESS

继续进行群体遗传学、分子遗传学和 进化和基因组作图带来了新的分析方法， 统计和计算机程序的开发。 在群体遗传学中 和分子进化，重点是重组和连接 不平衡 理论研究是我们研究的基础 多等位基因的进化分析和系统发育重建 从近缘物种中取样。 我们将这些分析应用于 主要组织相容性复合体，其中这些问题是至关重要的， 到极高水平的多态性，其中一些似乎 早于许多主要的物种形成事件。 我们对基因组作图的研究 集中于比较作图和人类细胞遗传学图谱。 在比较绘图中，我们设计了比较分析方法， 这对于预测物种之间的相对地图位置是有用的 并比较染色体之间和染色体之间的相对进化， 物种 这些已应用于现有的人类数据集， 老鼠以及其他20种哺乳动物。 此外，我们目前 致力于组织比较地图数据， 加快比较绘图。 我们对人类细胞遗传学图谱的研究 继续在三个重叠的领域。 计算机程序用于表示 和操纵细胞遗传学图谱将通过分析方法得到加强 以改进地图中的实际数据。 我们将扩大我们的 早期的工作使用基因顺序信息从连锁图，以完善 细胞遗传学定位，并将其应用于相关数据集。

Continued theoretical studies in population genetics, molecular evolution, and genome mapping have led to new analytical methods and the development of statistics and computer programs. In population genetics and molecular evolution, the focus has been on recombination and linkage disequilibrium. The theoretical studies are the basis for our evolutionary analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction of multiple alleles sampled from closely related species. We are applying these analyses to the major histocompatibility complex, where these issues are critical due to the extremely high levels of polymorphism, some of which appears to pre-date many major speciation events. Our studies of genome mapping have concentrated on comparative mapping and the human cytogenetic map. In comparative mapping, we have devised analytical methods of comparison that are useful for prediction of relative map locations between species and for contrasting the relative evolution among chromosomes and among species. These have been applied to existing data sets for humans and mice, as well as a range of 20 other mammals. Also, we are currently working on organizing comparative mapping data in a way that will expedite comparative mapping. Our work with the human cytogenetic map continues in three overlapping areas. Computer programs for representing and manipulating cytogenetic maps will be augmented by analytical methods for improving the actual data contained in the maps. We will extend our earlier work on using gene order information from linkage maps to refine cytogenetic localizations, and apply it to relevant data sets.