Comparable and Parallel Corpus Approaches to the Third Code: English and Chinese Perspectives

随着全球化的发展，翻译在帮助西方与东方相遇或相反方面发挥着比以往任何时候都重要的作用。在过去的二十年里，语料库方法对翻译研究有着巨大的帮助和推动作用。由于翻译是一种涉及不同语言的中介交际活动，源语言对翻译的影响是不可避免的，并且足以使翻译语言与目标语言产生明显的差异。是项研究由英国兰开斯特大学及香港理工大学合作进行，是一项以语料库为基础的研究，从世界上两种不同的主要语言--英语和汉语的角度，在大量语料库的基础上，将比较语料库法和平行语料库法相结合，英语和中文的真实语言使用。本文结合了以下几个方面：（一）语言使用中使用语境的均衡覆盖;（二）语料库的严格可比性;（三）英汉两种截然不同的语言之间的类型学距离;（四）基于复合语料库的创新方法，将可比语料库和平行语料库分析相结合;以及（五）将语域变异作为一个变量，将使研究者能够更系统地研究翻译语言的语言和语篇特征，并取得比以往更可靠的研究成果。这一研究不仅对翻译研究具有重要的理论意义，而且对翻译教学、译者培训和翻译实践也具有重要的实践意义。

With increasing globalisation, translation has nowadays played an ever more important role than before in helping West to meet East or vice versa. Translation Studies is an area of research that has been both aided greatly and advanced by the corpus methodology over the past two decades. As translating is a kind of mediated communication involving different languages, the effect of the source language on the translation is inevitable and strong enough to make the translational language perceptibly different from the target native language. The proposed research, which involves international collaboration between Lancaster University in the UK and the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, is a corpus-based study of the common linguistic and textual features of translations, from the perspectives of English and Chinese, two genetically distinct major languages in the world, by taking an innovative composite methodology that combines the comparable corpus approach and the parallel corpus approach to language studies on the basis of sizeable corpora of authentic language use in English and Chinese. The combination of i) the balanced coverage of usage contexts in language use, ii) the strict comparability of the corpora used, iii) the typological distance between English and Chinese as two distinctly different languages, iv) the innovative composite corpus-based approach integrating comparable corpus and parallel corpus analysis, and v) the inclusion of register variation as a variable, will enable the researchers to investigate the linguistic and textual features of translational language more systematically and achieve more reliable research outcomes than ever before. Research of this kind can cast new light on the translation process and help to uncover translation norms, which are of theoretical significance for Translation Studies as well as practical importance for translation teaching, translator training and translation practice.