EVENT-RELATED POTENTIAL STUDIES OF NORMAL AND ABNORMAL COGNITIVE PROCESSING

用事件相关脑电位(ERP)研究认知功能 短期和长期记忆、空间注意力和 视觉搜索、心理旋转、心算和语言压缩 海因斯。对正常受试者的事件相关电位研究旨在揭示 认知背后的大脑机制。慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的研究 神经紊乱的目的是让我们能够更好地 患者在提供信息时存在信息处理缺陷 这些认知过程背后的生理机制。ERP 阿尔茨海默氏症和老年痴呆症患者的痴呆症研究仍在继续 帕金森病患者的数据收集已完成 患有艾滋病毒疾病和进行性核上性麻痹(PSP)。结果是 来自艾滋病毒和PSP的研究表明，在艾滋病的早期阶段 皮质下疾病，皮质水平的处理受到的影响更大 而不是在皮质下水平进行处理(即，类似于皮质 痴呆症)。这种模式随着皮质下疾病的进展而逆转。 PSP患者认知功能障碍的通道特异性随访研究 已经完成了。对潜在和影响机制的研究 注意过程仍在继续，数据分析在两个月内完成 研究，其中一项是关于正常对照如何在空间数组中进行视觉搜索 之前存储在短期记忆中的项目和一个关于 慢性疲劳综合征(CFS)患者注意力疲劳的研究 正常对照组。丹尼尔·鲁奇金的研究表明， 记忆排练过程以大的负慢波和 不同的大脑区域被调用来执行语言和空间 短时记忆的预演过程。关于自然界的其他研究 遗忘症患者的短期和长期记忆缺陷和多发性 硬化症患者已经开始。数据分析继续进行 关于颞叶切除术患者、特纳氏患者和垫的研究- 认知过程的成熟度。与沃尔夫冈·米尔特纳的研究已经 旨在提供关于神经生成器机制的更多数据 潜在的认知过程。已经使用了患者和对照数据 为了验证约翰逊变量模型的预测 控制P300波幅。这些数据表明，与 被广泛接受的概念，P300是一个成分，它的幅度 表示同时利用多个认知 正在处理“模块”。

Event-related brain potentials (ERP) were used to study cognitive processes such as short- and long-term memory, spatial attention and visual search, mental rotation, mental arithmetic, and language compre- hension. ERP studies of normal subjects were intended to reveal the brain mechanisms underlying cognition. Studies of patients with neurological disorders were intended to allow us to characterize better patients information processing deficits while providing information on the physiological mechanisms underlying these cognitive processes. ERP studies of dementia are continuing on patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases while data collection was completed for patients with HIV disease and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). The results from the HIV and PSP studies indicate that, in the earliest stages of subcortical disease, processing at the cortical level is more affected than processing at the subcortical level, (i.e., resembling a cortical dementia). This pattern reverses as the subcortical disease progresses. A follow-up study on the modality specificity of deficits in PSP patients has been completed. Studies of the mechanisms underlying and affecting attentional processes continue and data analysis is complete in two studies, one on how normal controls visually search a spatial array for items previously stored in short-term memory and one on the effects of fatigue on attention in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and normal controls. Studies with Daniel Ruchkin have demonstrated that memory rehearsal processes are marked by large negative slow waves and that different brain areas are invoked to perform verbal and spatial short-term memory rehearsal processes. Additional studies on the nature of short- and long-term memory deficits in amnestic patients and multiple sclerosis patients have been initiated. Data analysis continues on studies of temporal lobectomy patients, Turner's patients, and the mat- uration of cognitive processes. Studies with Wolfgang Miltner have been aimed at providing additional data on the neural generator mechanisms underlying cognitive processes. Patient and control data have been used to validate the predictions of Johnson's model of the variables controlling P300 amplitude. These data revealed that, contrary to the widely accepted notion, the P300 is a component whose amplitude represents the simultaneous utilization of a number of cognitive processing "modules."