IONOPHORE-BASED CHEMICAL ION SENSORS

这项研究开发了新颖，通用和方便的方法， 表征与光学相关的离子载体和传感器材料， 电位和伏安转换方案。这些离子载体- 化学传感器是临床，生理， 和生物医学环境。 使用含有两种竞争离子载体的聚合物膜， 评估离子-离子载体相互作用的强度直接在 建立了传感膜。这些测量是用 光学和电位技术，严格比较， 对方.不同类型和浓度的 离子载体、参比离子载体、离子位点和膜 基质/增塑剂进行了研究，以提供有关复合物的信息 形成常数、络合物化学计量和离子相容程度 溶剂作为所述的比较方法。方法被设计为 通过利用和表征表征阴离子响应离子载体 带电的H+离子载体。该方法适用于大型 选择已建立的和新的离子载体嵌入在各种 矩阵，并将结果与分析特性进行比较 各自的化学转导方案。电位 固体接触膜电极的行为是定量的 表征为双离子载体的可能替代方法 系统.膜内扩散电位分布直接 通过插入一系列改性金属电极来映射 在离子选择性电极膜内，从而阐明了 可能的膜不稳定性和潜在的漂移。

This research develops novel, general, and convenient methodologies to characterize ionophores and sensor materials relevant to optical, potentiometric and voltammetric transduction schemes. These ionophore- based chemical sensors are vital components in clinical, physiological, and biomedical environments. The use of polymeric membranes containing two competing ionophores to assess the strength of ion-ionophore interactions directly within the sensing film is established. These measurements are accomplished with an optical and potentiometric technique which are rigorously compared to each other. Influences of different types and concentrations of ionophores, reference ionophores, ionic sites, and membrane matrices/plasticizer are studied to give information on complex formation constants, complex stoichiometry, and extent of ion compatible solvents as a described comparative method. Methods are designed to characterize anion responsive ionophores by utilizing and characterizing electrically charged H+-ionophores. The method is applied to a large selection of established and novel ionophores embedded in a variety of matrices, and the results are compared to the analytical characteristics of the respective chemical transduction scheme. The potentiometric behavior of solid contact membrane electrodes is quantitative characterized as a possible alternative approach to two-ionophore systems. Membrane-internal diffusion potential profiles are directly mapped with an array of modified metal electrodes by interposing them within ion-selective electrode membranes, thereby elucidating the source of possible membrane instabilities and potential drifts.