Real-time predictions of pesticide run-off risk which: multi-scale visualisations of water quality risks and costs

这项研究翻译项目开发了一个概念验证，以在两个决策尺度上测试农业化学品径流风险实时预测的价值：田间尺度用于农场关于农用化学品应用风险的决策，集水尺度用于自来水公司的地下水抽取决策。农用化学品(化肥、杀虫剂、除草剂等)如果在使用后不久就被冲走，效果就会降低。它们还会对地下水质量和环境产生负面影响。农民可能不得不重新使用农用化学品，而自来水公司可能不得不处理地下水以达到饮用水质量标准，在某些情况下还会改变取水地点。对于农民和自来水公司来说，都会产生额外的成本。该项目开发了两种网络地图工具的概念验证，以模拟与农用化学品应用相关的风险：一种是集水范围的工具，用于支持水务公司的决策；另一种是田间范围的工具，用于支持农民的决策。这两种工具都将英国气象局关于降雨类型和概率的实时实时数据与底层土壤、地形、排水、土地利用等的景观模型结合起来，以建立农业化学径流风险的模型。用户组将反馈他们关于这些工具的业务使用和功能的经验，以便为建模和编程小组提供信息，以调整后台引擎和前端功能。项目产出将包括针对农民和水务公司的国家决策工具的规格，以量化使用台式个人电脑和智能手机访问的一整套常见农用化学品应用程序的风险。关键词：农药径流、水质、环境风险持有者：Defra、农民、自来水公司、AHDB、SARIC成员

This Research Translation Project develops a proof of concept to tests the value of real-time predictions of agro-chemical run-off risk at two scales of decision making: field scale for on farm decisions about agro-chemical applications risk and catchment scale for water company groundwater abstraction decisions. Agro-chemicals (fertilisers, pesticides, herbicides, etc) are less effective if they are washed away soon after they are applied. They can also negatively affect ground water quality and the environment. The farmer may have to re-apply the agro-chemical and water companies may have treat groundwater to meet drinking water quality standards, and in some cases change water abstraction locations. For both farmers and water companies additional costs are incurred. This project develops proofs of concept for 2 web-mapping tools to model the risk associated with agro-chemical applications: a catchment-scale tool to support water company decision making and a field-scale tool to support farmer decision making. Both tools combine live, real-time data from the Met Office on rainfall type and probability with landscape models of underlying soil, landform, drainage, land use etc. in order to model agro-chemical runoff risk. User-groups will feedback their experiences about the operational use and functionality of the tools to provide information for the modelling and programming teams to adjust the background engine and front-end functionality. The project outputs will include the specification of for national decision tools, targeted at farmers and water companies, to quantify the risks associated with a full set of common agro-chemical applications designed be accessed using desktop PCs and smartphones. Key Words: Agro-chemical run-off, water quality, environmental riskStakeholders: Defra, farmers, water companies, AHDB, SARIC members