Reducing the ice hazard on smart motorways

这个与英国高速公路共同设计的项目将减少高速公路上的结冰危险。作为全国智能高速公路试验的一部分，“全车道”和“硬肩运行”被用于增加英国高速公路网络关键路段的容量。然而，这种方法与传统的道路拓宽一起，对冬季道路维护策略有影响。高速公路的车道间存在着显著的地表温度差异，在高速公路的内外车道之间发现2C的差异并不罕见。例如，在硬肩行驶的情况下，内部车道和以前没有交通的高速公路硬肩之间的差异将是显著的。这样做的结果是，当硬肩第一次开放给交通时（例如在早高峰期间），这条车道可能存在结冰危险，而其他车道仍保持在冰点以上。有必要更好地了解和监测这些温度差异，以便将其纳入英国高速公路使用的冬季维护策略。该项目将把以前研究项目开发的现有技术转化为量化高速公路车道之间的温差。这些数据将实时提供，使用“物联网”方法提醒工程师需要在较冷的车道上进行磨砂操作。因此，该项目不仅会影响项目合作伙伴的行动（可能会节省砂砾作业的资金），还会提高所有道路使用者的网络安全性。考虑到下议院交通委员会正在对“全车道运行”进行调查，该项目显得尤为及时。该项目的总体目标是生产一个决策支持系统的原型，该系统将提供有关所有高速公路车道表面温度的信息，这些信息可用于提高效率，并在开放硬肩交通之前进行咨询。这一目标将通过以下目标实现：在高速公路龙门架上安装低成本联网传感器，提供所有车道的表面温度信息。开发基于云的数据中心来处理和可视化数据3。将数据整合到现有的冬季维护/智能高速公路策略中。这个简短的项目有两个关键的可交付成果。首先，该项目将提供多车道道路温差的隐性知识。这些信息可以更广泛地用于整个网络的冬季维护策略，而无需进一步投资。其次，该原型决策支持系统将为项目合作伙伴提供所选路段的详细、可靠的实时测量数据，从而提高效率。考虑到这种方法与“智能高速公路”方法的兼容性，这种方法可以很容易地扩展到整个网络。该项目将持续7个月，覆盖冬季的大部分时间（2016年11月至2017年5月），成本约为7万英镑（5.6万英镑，80% FEC）。

This co-designed project with Highways England will reduce the ice hazard on motorways. As part of a nationwide trial of smart motorways, 'all lane' and 'hard shoulder running' are being used to increase capacity on critical sections of the GB motorway network. However, this approach, along with traditional road widening, has implications for winter road maintenance strategy. Significant surface temperature differences exist between lanes on motorways and it is not uncommon to find a difference of 2C between the inside and outside lane of the motorway. For example, in the case of hard shoulder running, differences between the inside lane and the previously un-trafficked hard shoulder of the motorway will be significant. A consequence of this, is when the hard shoulder is first opened to traffic (e.g. during the morning rush hour), an ice hazard may exist on this lane, whilst the other lanes remain above freezing. There is a need to better understand, and monitor, these differences in temperature so that it can be incorporated into the winter maintenance strategy used by Highways England.This project will translate existing technology developed on previous research projects to quantify the temperature difference between motorway lanes. The data will be available in real time, using an 'internet of things' approach alerting engineers of the need to conduct gritting operations on cooler lanes. Hence, this project will not only impact on the actions of the project partners (potentially saving money on gritting operations), but will also improve the safety of the network for all road users. The project is particularly timely given the ongoing inquiry into 'all lane running' by the commons select transport committee.The overall aim of this project is to produce a prototype decision support system that will provide information regarding the surface temperature of all motorway lanes which can be used to make efficiency savings as well as being consulted prior to opening the hard shoulder to traffic. This aim will be realised by the following objectives:1. Installation of transects of networked low-cost sensors across motorway gantries, providing surface temperature information across all lanes.2. Development of a cloud based data hub to process and visualise data3. Integration of data into existing winter maintenance / smart motorways strategies.This short project has two key deliverables. Firstly, the project will provide tacit knowledge of temperature differences on multi-laned roads. This information can then be used inform winter maintenance strategy more generally across the network without significant further investment. Secondly, the prototype decision support system will provide detailed and reliable real-time measurements on the selected road section leading to efficiency savings for the project partner. This approach could readily be extended across the network, given the compatibility of this approach with the 'smart motorway' approach. The project will last for 7 months to cover a substantial part of the winter season (November 2016 - May 2017) and will cost in the region of £70k (£56k 80% FEC).